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什么是介词短语做定语
介词短语,是介词和其它代词或名词或词组搭配形成的短语。口语上简称“介短”。该短语主要是用来表示词与词, 词与句之间的关系。下面跟着小编来看看什么是介词短语做定语吧!希望对你有所帮助。
介词短语常常用作后置定语,在这类定语中有许多是用of引起的,可以表示:
1. 所有关系:the wealth of the nation.(国家的财富)
2. 特征:a man of good temper(好脾气的人)
3. 动宾关系:love of study (对学*的热爱)
4. 主谓关系:the growth of industry (工业的增长)
5. 同位关系:the city of Peking(北京城)
除了of,还有很多介词可以引起短语作后置定语:
1. 地点:the table near the window(靠窗的桌子)
2. 时间:their activiries during the holidays(他们假期的活动)
3. 特征:the woman with a baby in her arms(那位抱孩子的女人)
4. 类属:a film about the life of workers(一部描写工人生活的书)
1)介词短语可以在系动词之后做表语
He seems at home.
She is in the sty.
2)介词短语还可以作定语修饰前面的'名词。
The plant in the window gets lots of sunshine.
I bought a dress with blue stripes.
The sound of the wind made a whistling noise.
Joe is the student with the highest grade.
3) 介词短语很多时候是作状语,修饰整个句子,说明时间,地点,方式,原因等。
Gabby stuck her gun under the table.
The project is due before Tuesday.
She told me the whole thing on the condition of anonymity.
在匿名的情况下,她告诉了整件事。
All people have the right to worship or assemble in connection with a religion .
所有人都有权做与宗教有关的崇拜或*
【拓展阅读】
介词短语做定语从句
介词短语常常用作后置定语,在这类定语中有许多是用of引起的,可以表示:
1. 所有关系:the wealth of the nation.(国家的财富)
2. 特征:a man of good temper(好脾气的人)
3. 动宾关系:love of study (对学*的热爱)
4. 主谓关系:the growth of industry (工业的增长)
5. 同位关系:the city of Peking(北京城)
除了of,还有很多介词可以引起短语作后置定语:
1. 地点:the table near the window(靠窗的桌子)
2. 时间:their activiries during the holidays(他们假期的活动)
3. 特征:the woman with a baby in her arms(那位抱孩子的女人)
4. 类属:a film about the life of workers(一部描写工人生活的书)
介词短语
1. above one’s own... 在自己的……之上
2. above average 在*均水*以上
3. according to 根据
4. after all 毕竟
5. along with 与……一道, 连同……一起
6. apart from 除……之外
7. as a result 的结果
8. as a result of 作为......的结果
9. as well as 也,还有
英语名词用作状语的用法
导语:在英语中将名词用作状语的情况不算普遍,在许多情况下,它们都有自己的搭配*惯,使用时需注意。名词作状语的主要用法如下:
一、名词作状语表示时间
在英语中,名词用作状语时通常用于表示时间,换句话说,也就是表示时间的名词在某些搭配中用作状语。如:
Wait a moment. 等一会儿。
See you next week. 下星期见
I’ll see you Saturday. 星期六见。
I’m always busy afternoons. 我下午总很忙。
We watch TV most evenings. 大多数晚上我们都看电视。
He used to come here Sundays. 他过去每周星期天都来。
They cared for the child day and night. 他们日夜照看这个孩子。
二、名词作状语表示地点
英语名词有时可用作地点状语,但搭配非常有限,比较常见的用法主要见于以下类似句子:
The Great Wall is world famous. 长城闻名于世界。
The lathe is China made. 这台机床是*制造的。
Shanghai made watches are of fine quality. 上海产的手表质量优良。
You can follow me. I am going that way too. 你可以跟着我走,我也去那个方向。
三、名词作状语表示距离
名词用作状语表示距离时,主要见于a long way这一结构。如:
They sailed a long way. 他们航行了很远。
He lives a long way away. 他住得离这里很远。
He has walked a long way today. 他今天走了很长的路。
四、名词作状语表示方式
名词用作状语表示方式时,也主要见于某些特殊搭配。如:
Don’t talk to me that way, please. 请不要这样同我说话。
Place these tables end to end. 把这些桌子一张接一张地放好。
They walked down the street hand in hand. 他们手拉手沿街道走去。
He was seen walking arm in arm with a lady. 有人看见他与一位女士臂挽着臂同行。
We must serve the people heart and soul. 我们必须全心全意地为人民服务。
五、名词作状语表示让步
名词用作状语表示让步时,主要见于某些“名词+or+名词”结构。如:
East or west, home is best. 金窝银窝,不如自己的草窝。
Winter or summer, the sun itself is the same. 无论冬夏,太阳本身是一样的。
The sports meet will be held rain or shine. 运动会风雨无阻,照常举行。
We must reach the destination by dawn, rain or shine. 无论如何,我们务必于拂晓前抵达目的地。
六、名词作状语表示条件
名词用作状语有时表示条件。如:
Small pains, small gains. 少劳少得。
这类用法还经常见于“表示祈使意义的名词(短语)+and+简单句”这类结构。如:
One more word and you will be thrown out of the ship. 再说一句话,就把你扔下船。
七、名词作状语表示程度
在某些固定搭配中,有些名词可用作状语表示程度。如:pitch black(漆黑的),ice-cold(冰冷的),dirt-poor(非常穷困的),dog-tired(极疲倦的),stone-deaf(完全聋的),bone-dry(干透了的)等。
另外,有些名词用于比较级前表示程度。如:
He is a head taller than I. 他比我高一个头(www.hxen.com)。
You are only one month younger than I. 你比我只小一个月。
Your shoes are two yuan cheaper than mine. 你的鞋子比我的'便宜两块钱。
英语状语
状语的作用:状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状语等。
状语一般由副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来担当。其位置一般放在句首,但也可放在句末或句中。
状语是一种用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或全句的词,说明时间,地点,程度,方式等概念。
1.副词一般在句子中做状语
过去分词在句子中做状语的用法汇总详细解释
英语语法是针对英语语言进行研究后,系统地总结归纳出来的一系列语言规则。英语语法的精髓在于掌握语言的使用。下面是小编整理的过去分词在句子中做状语的用法汇总详细解释,一起来看看吧。
一、过去分词作状语表示被动的和完成的动作。
1.Written in a hurry,this article was not so good!
因为写得匆忙,这篇文章不是很好。
2.Lost / Absorbed in deep thought,he didn't hear the sound.
因为沉溺于思考之中,所以他没听到那个声音。
二、过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语为主句的主语,此时应注意人称一致;
1.Given another hour,I can also work out this problem.
再给我一个小时,我也能解这道题.(given 为过去分词作状语,它的逻辑主语为主句主语 I,即 I 被再给一个小时。)
2.Seen from the top of the hill,the city looks more beautiful to us.
从山顶看城市,城市显得更漂亮。(seen 为过去分词作状语,表"被看",由语境可知,它的逻辑主语必须是城市,而不是"我们",因为"我们"应主动看城市。)
需要注意的是:如果过去分词作状语时,前面再加逻辑主语,主句的主语就不再是分词的逻辑主语,这种带逻辑主语的过去分词结构实际上属于独立主格结构。
3.The signal given,the bus started.
信号一发出,汽车就开动了。(the signal 是 given 的逻辑主语,因此主句主语 the bus 就不是given 的逻辑主语。
4.Her head held high,she went by.
她把头昂得高高地从这儿走了过去。(her head 是 held high 的逻辑主语,因此主句主语 she 就不再是held high 的逻辑主语。)
三、过去分词作状语来源于状语从句.
1.Caught in a heavy rain,he was all wet.
因为淋了一场大雨,所以他全身湿透了。 (caught in a heavy rain 为过去分词短语作原因状语,它来源于原因状语从句Because he was caught in a heavy rain.)
2.Grown in rich soil,these seeds can grow fast.
如果种在肥沃的土壤里,这些种子能长得很快。( grown in rich soil 为过去分词作条件状语,它来源于条件状语从句 If these seeds are grown in rich soil.)
四、过去分词作状语的位置.
过去分词可放在主句前作句首状语,后面有逗号与主句隔开;也可放在主句后面,前面有逗号与主句隔开。
He stood there silently,moved to tears. = Moved to tears,he stood there silently.
他静静地站在那里,被感动得热泪盈眶。
过去分词的'四种用法
1.过去分词表示过去,即表示过去某时已发生的被动动作——由于既有完成的意味,又有被动意味,符合过去分词的基本特征。
2.过去分词表示同时,即表示与谓语动词同时(或几乎同时)发生的被动动作。
3.过去分词表示状态,即现在已经存在的态或过去(当时)的存在的一种被动的状态。
4.过去分词有两个基本特点,一是表示被动,二是表示完成。但有时也有例外,比如下面的例子,虽然其中的过去分词也表示被动,但它们并不表示完成,而是表示经常性,或不表明具体的时间,带有泛指的意味。
过去分词作状语的用法归纳
过去分词或过去分词短语作状语时,表示被动和完成,在句子中一般可以作时间、原因等。
1.时间状语
Told that his mother was ill, Li Lei hurried home quickly.李蕾得知母亲生病了时,马上赶回了家。
Seen from the moon, the earth looks green.从月亮上看时,地球是绿色。
2.原因状语
Broken down on the high way, his car was carried away by the police.由于他的车在高速公路上坏了,于是被警察拖走了。
Satisfied with what he did, the teacher praised him in class.由于老师对他所做的事情很满意,于是在班上表扬了他。
3.条件状语
Given a few minutes, I’ll finish it.再给几分钟的时间,我就会完成了。
Compared with you, I still have a long way to go.跟你比较起来,我还差得很远呢。
4.让步状语
Explained a hundred times, he still can’t understand it.即使给他解释一百篇,她还是不会明白。
Trained ten hours a day, he will still be a fool.即使每天训练十个小时,他也还会是个傻瓜。
5.结果状语
He fell off a tall tree, his leg broken.他从树上摔了下来,腿摔断了。
The cup fell down to the ground, broken.茶杯掉到了地上,破碎了。
注意:一般来说,不论是动词不定式作状语、-ing分词做状语,还是动词的过去分词作状语,其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语。但是,有一些非谓语动词短语已经游离出来,成为单独的短语,在句子中作状语。如:
(1)exactly / honestly / frankly / generally speaking,准确地说不过去/老实地说/坦率地说/一般说来。如:
Exactly speaking, he got here at eight fourteen this morning.准确地说,今天早晨他是十八点十四分来到这里的。
介词后面定语从句
英语最早被中世纪的英国使用,并因其广阔的殖民地而成为世界使用面积最广的语言。下面是小编为大家整理的介词后面定语从句,欢迎阅读与收藏。
1.由“介词+关系代词”
引导的定语从句主要用于正式文体,在非正式文体中通常将介词放至句末。如:This is the man to whom I referred. 我指的就是这个人。This is the man (whom) I referred to. 我指的就是这个人。
2. 直接用于介词后作宾语的关系代词which不能换成that,直接用于介词后作宾语的关系代词whom不能换成who:
介词用于句末,则用作宾语的which, whom也可换成that, who,或者省略不同。如:这是一个我们讨论了许多的问题。This is a subject about which we have talked a lot.(which不能换成that,也不能省略)This is a subject which we have talked about a lot. 这是一个我们讨论了许多的`问题。(which可以换成that,也可以省略)
3. 关系副词when, where, why根据情况有时可换成“介词+关系代词which”。
如: That is the day when [=on which] he was born. 那就是他出生的日子。That is the house where [=in which] he lived. 那就是他住过的房子。That is the reason why [=for which] he must apologize. 那就是他必须道歉的原因。
4. 在很正式的文体中,“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句可紧缩成“介词+关系代词+不定式”结构。
如:在那儿孩子们有个玩耍的花园。正:There the children had a garden in which to play. (很正式)正:There the children had a garden in which they could play. (较正式)正:There the children had a garden to play in. (较口语化)注:这类“介词+关系代词++不定式”结构中的介词不能没有,也不能放在句末。如不能说There the children had a garden which to play in.
练*题目:
1.I know the boy ____________ you gave the book____________.
A.whom;to B.which;to C.to whom;to D.that;to him
2.Harbin is the very place ____________ I’m anxious to pay a visit.
A.that B.which C.on which D.to which
3.Have you been to Hangzhou____________ West Lake is the most beautiful in our country?
A.whose B.which C.that D.where
4.I know the student ____________ you borrowed the pen.
A.that B.from whom C.from which D.whom
5.Here are players from Japan,____________ are our old friends.
A.that B.where C.they D.who
6.They arrived at the farmhouse in front of ____________ sat a small boy.
A.the place B.it C.which D.that
7.That is the day ____________ I’ll never forget.
A./ B.on which C.in which D.when
8.The letter is from my sister,____________ is working in Beijing.
A.which B.that C.who D.she
9.I bought a book,____________ I can’t remember now.
A.its title B.whose title C.the title of it D.the title of that
10.I want to use the same dictionary ____________ was used yesterday.
A.which B.what C.like D.as
11.He is good at English,____________ we all know.
A.that B.as C.this D.what
12.I’ll never forget the days ________ we spent together in the countryside.
A.when B.on which C.which D.in which
13.This is the best film ____________ I have ever seen.
A.that B.which C.now that D.if
14.He is the only one of the students ____________ from Shanghai.
A.who is B.who are C.they are D.that come
15.Mr Scott is one of the foreign experts who ____________ in China.
A.works B.is working C.are working D.has been working
16.I,who ____________ in America,feel proud of being a Chinese.
A.is B./ C.am D.being
17.He’ll never forget the people and the place ________ she visited in Beijing last year.
A.that B.which C.whom D.where
18.Do you know the reason ____________ he was late?
A.for what B.which C.for which D.that
1~5 ADABD 6~10 CACBD 11~18 BCAAC CAC
用关系代词填空.(答案可能不唯一)(that, which, who, whom, whose)
1. These books _____________ you lent me were very useful.
2. The storybook ____________ I have just read cannot be easily forgotten.
定语从句中的介词提前
语从句在初中英语中的重要性主要体现在完形、阅读和写作中,因此,能否较好的掌握定语从句直接关系到你英语成绩的拔高。以下是小编收集整理的定语从句中的介词提前,仅供参考,欢迎大家阅读。
介词提前的定语从句
1 关系代词which, whom在定语从句中作介词的宾语时, 从句可有:介词+ whichwhom 引出。如:
1) Great changes are taking place in the city which they live in .
Great changes are taking place in the city they live.
2) The film which I’m speaking of is to be shown next week.
The film I’m speaking is to be shown next week.
3. This is the teacher whom I’ve learnt a lot from.
This is the teacher I’ve learnt a lot.
4. The man whom we sent the present to is a doctor of laws.
The man whom we sent the present is a doctor of laws.
5. The situation which we had got into was very dangerous.
we had got was very dangerous.
6 The policeman whom Mr Henry is talking with is a friend of mine.
The police man
定语从句之关系副词
一 关系副词引导的定语从句
1.When 表示时间,其先行词往往是表示时间的名词(如time, day , hour, year 等)。在从句中做时间状语。
I will always remember the day . I got the first prize I will always remember the day2. where 表示地点,在定语从句中做地点状语。其先行词往往是表示地点的名词(如place, room, house, street, area等)
This is the place. My mother was born This is the room . I lived This is the village. My father worked 3 why 引导定语 从句,在从句中表示原因,做原因状语。其先行词一般为reason. I don’t know the reason she looks unhappy today.我不知道为什么她今天看上去不高兴 The reason 他为什么那样说的理由是十分清楚的。
二 当堂训练
1 用关系副词when, where 把下列每对句子连接成定语从句。
1)I’ll never forget the day. I joined the PLA on that day.
_________________________________________________.
2) Last autumn my sister went to the town. She was born there.
_____________________________________________________.
3) The days are gone. During those days we used ‘foreign oil.”
___________________________________________.
4) Li Fang lives in that street. Do you know the street?
______________________________________________________?
三 如何 判断关系代词与关系副词
1. 用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句 中的谓语动词。及物动词后无宾语,就必须要求用关系代词; 而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。如:
This is the mountain village where I stayed last year (stay 是不及物动词)
This is the mountain village which I visited last year.(visit 是及物动词)
This is the house which I bought last year.(buy是及物动词)
This is the house where I lived last year.(live 是不及物动词)
I will always remember the days when we worked together.(work 是不及物动词)
I will always remember the days which we spent together. (spent 是及物动词)
Ancient China was a place where states were often at war with each other.
It was also a time when there were many great philosophers.
2. 当堂训练:填空
1. Is this museum _______ you visited a few days ago?
2. Is this museum _____ the exhibition was held.
3. It is the school _______ the film star studied when she was young .
4 It is the school ________ I hated when I was young.
5. It is an important day ______ I’ll never foget.
6. It is an important day ______I first gave a speech in public .
7. The hotel _____ they are staying is very expensive.
8 The hotel ______ they bought is very expensive.
四当堂检测
含有time的六个状语从句引导词
像any time, each time, the first time之类短语,表面上看好像是名词性质的短语,但实际上它们都可用作连词,用以引导状语从句。下面是小编收集整理的含有time的六个状语从句引导词,希望对你有帮助!
1. any time
any time 的意思是“随时”“任何时候”,用作连词时,引导时间状语从句,表示“无论什么时候做某事”。如:
You can come up and see me any time (that) you like. 你什么时候想来看我就来好了。
Any time you come to London do look me up. 你无论什么时候到伦敦来,一定要来看我。
Any time you want a babysitter, dear, you only have to ask. 亲爱的,你什么时候需要人帮忙照看孩子,只要开口说一声就行。
2. each time
each time 的意思是“每次”,用作连词时,引导时间状语从句,表示“每次做某事的`时候”。如:
The colours gently fade each time you wash the shirt. 衬衣每洗一次都会褪点色。
They complimented me on the way I looked each time they saw me. 每次见到我,他们都称赞我的外貌。
Each time I returned I was struck by the uniqueness of Australia and its people. 每次返回,我都会惊讶于澳大利亚及其国民的与众不同。
3. every time
every time 的意思是“每次”,与each time用法相同,用作连词时,也是引导时间状语从句,表示“每次做某事的时候”。如:
You don’t have to go running upstairs every time she rings. 用不着她一来电话你就往楼上跑。
The child is afraid of dogs and cries every time one comes close by. 那孩子怕狗,每当有狗靠*他就哭。
Every time she travels on the bus it’s delayed by at least three hours. 每次她乘公车出行都至少耽搁3个小时。
4. the first time
the first time 的意思是“第一次”,用作连词时,引导时间状语从句,表示“第一次做某事的时候”。注意,the first time中的冠词不能省略。如:
The first time I came here, I had the best night’s sleep for months. 我第一次来到这里就睡了数月来头一个晚上的好觉。
the company struck out the first time it tried to manufacture personal com*rs. 该公司初次尝试生产个人电脑时就失败了。
5. (the) last time
(the) last time 的意思是“上次”,用作连词时,引导时间状语从句,表示“上次做某事的时候”。注意,the last time中的冠词可以省略。如:
Last time I took my pulse, it was a bit fast. 我上次量脉搏的时候有点快。
The last time we moved house there were very few breakages. 我们上次搬家几乎没什么物品被破损。
6. (the) next time
(the) next time 的意思是“下次”,用作连词时,引导时间状语从句,表示“下次做某事的时候”。注意,the last time中的冠词可以省略。如:
Do look me up the next time you’re in London. 你下次到伦敦,务必来找我。
Next time you go shopping, throw in a few extra fruit and vegetables. 下次你去买东西,多买点水果蔬菜。
【边学边练】
1. Come and see us _______ that you’re in town.
A. any time B. until C. so that D. even if
2. _______ I ask you to do something, you always say you’re too busy.
A. Now that B. even though C. Each time D. In case
3. He felt nervous _______ she spoke to him.
A. so that B. each time C. in case D. now that
4. You must present your library ticket _______ you borrow books.
A. every time B. in case C. even if D. if only
5. They spoil their child by buying him a toy _______ they go shopping.
A. even if B. now that C. so that D. every time
6. _______ I’ve found myself in a social situation with my boss, we seem to run out of conversation after two minutes!
A. Ever since B. Soon after C. Every time D. In case
7. She was so attractive and he fell in love with her_______ that he met her.
A. as long as B. now that C. the first time D. in order that
8. _______ we made a claim on our insurance they paid up really quickly.
A. Last time B. In case C. Even if D. Now that
9. _______ I went to the pub with you, I ended up seriously out of pocket!
A. In order that B. Even although C. The last time D. Ever since
10. Why don’t you drop in for a drink _______ you’re over this way?
A. next time B. in case C. ever since D. so that
11. _______ you decide to take some action, kindly inform me.(www.hxen.com)
介词又称作前置词,表示名词、代词等与句中其他词的关系,在句中不能单独作句子成分。今天我们就一起来看看介词短语的句子举例吧!
介词短语的句子举例【1】
作补足语
例如:I found everthing in good condition.我发现一切状况良好。
Eevn his way of walking down the street and turning a corner could be recognaized as his own.
甚至他在街上走路时和在拐角处转弯时的那种姿态,都可以认为是他独有的动作。
The heavy rain kept us inside the house.(大雨使得我们待在了家里。) 介词短语的句子举例【2】
作定语
例如:The man in black is Mr Zhang.穿黑衣服的人是张先生。
He is a man of wealth.他是个有钱人。
China is a country with a long history.*是历史悠久的国家。
作表语
例如:He was already in his forties.他已经四十多岁了。
You must remain in bed.你必须得卧床休息。
He was against slavery.他反对奴隶制。 介词短语的句子举例【3】
作状语
例如:At seventeen,he began to learn acting.
十七岁时,他开始学*表演。(时间状语)
We put the play on in a theatre.
我们在剧院上演这出戏。(地点状语)
We jumped with joy.
我们高兴得跳了起来。(原因状语)
He returned home for his dictionary.
他回家去取字典。(目的状语)
We went there by bike.
我们骑自行车去那儿的。(方式状语)
In spite of the heavy rain,they arrived.
尽管雨下得大,他们还是到了。(让步状语)、
常见介词固定搭配
英语许多动词、形容词和名词都与特定的介词搭配,我们必须熟悉这些搭配关系。下面是小编收集整理的常见介词固定搭配,希望对你有帮助!
1.动词与介词(或副词)的搭配
add…to 加到……上 agree with 同意(某人)
arrive at(in) 到达 ask for 询问
begin…with 从……开始 believe in 相信
break into 闯入 break off 打断
break out 爆发 bring down 降低
bring in 引进 bring up 教育,培养
build up 建起 burn down 烧光
call back 回电话 call for 要求约请
call in 召来 call on 拜访 访问
care for 喜欢 carry on 继续开展
carry out 实行开展 check out 查明 结帐
clear up 整理,收拾 come about 发生,产生
come across (偶然)遇见 come out 出来
come to 共计 达到 compare…with 与……比较
compare to 比作 cut off 切断
date from 始于 depend on 依靠
devote to 献于 die out 灭亡
divide up 分配 dream of 梦想
fall off 下降 fall over 跌倒
feed on 以……为食 get down to 专心于
get through 通过 give in 让步,屈服
give out 分发 give up 放弃
go abroad 出国 go against 反对
go on with 继续 go through 浏览
grow up 生长 hand down 传下来
hear about 听说 hold out 伸出
join up 连接起来 keep off 让开,不接*
keep on 继续 lead to 导致
live on 靠……为生 look down upon 看不起
look forward to 盼望 look into 调查
look out 当心 look(a) round 仔细查看
set off 动身 set up 建立
show off 炫耀 shut up 住口
speed up 加速 stand for 代表,象征
stick to 坚持 suffer from 遭受
talk of 谈论 think of 考虑,想起
try out 试验 turn down 调低
turn off 关掉 worry about 担心
2.介词成语
1)英语中有大量成语由介词构成,单是一些常用介词就可构成大量成语:
at:
at a stretch 一连,连续地 at a time 一次,每次
at ease 稍息,安心 at first sight 一见(钟情)
at first 最初,开始时 at heart 在内心
at home 在家,随便 at last 最后
at least 至少 at length 最后,详细地
at most 至多 at once 立即,同时
at peace(war) 处于和*(战争)状态 at play(work) 在玩耍(工作)
地点状语的定语从句
定语从句(也称关系从句、形容词性从句),是指一类由关系词(英语:relative word)引导的从句,下面是小编整理的地点状语的定语从句,一起来看看吧。
地点状语的定语从句用法
连词 含义 说明
where 在……地方 通常表示一个确定的
wherever 无论什么地方
表示“任何地方”
anywhere 无论何处
everywhere 到处
(1)地点状语从句由where,wherever,引导,
如:We must camp where we can get water.
我们必须在能找到水的地方露营。
(2)地点状语从句与定语从句的区别 :
在于分句在句中作什么成分。作状语,则是状语从句;作定语修饰名词,则是定语从句
where引导定语从句时,从句前应有一个表示地点的名词作先行词;而状语从句前则无需先行词。
如:
Go back where you came from.(where引导地点状语从句)
你从何处来到何处去。
Go back to the village where you came.(where引导定语从句,修饰village)
回到你来的那个村子里去。
判断:
①We went home, where we had dinner.此句是where引导的"非限制性"定语从句,这里"where"= at home(先行词是home)从句还原" we had dinner at home"全句译:我们回到家,在家里吃了顿饭.
②I walk into the canteen where students are eating此句也是where 引导的定语从句,与上句不同之处在于此句是一个"限制性"定语从句.全句译:我走进了这个同学们都在吃饭的`食堂。(限定说明了是一个什么样的食堂)
③地点状语从句与定语从句其本身属性就不同:地点状语从句相当于大的副词;定语从句相当于大的形容词,副词是用来修饰动词的,
例: you can go where you want to go . 你可以去你想去的地方。
(3)地点从句一般位于主句之后,但为了强调,也可以放在句首。
With a car,a person can go where he pleases and when he pleases.
有了汽车,人可以想去哪儿就去哪儿,想什么时候去就什么时候去。
And where there is shale there is likely to be oli.
哪儿有页岩,哪儿就可能有石油。
定语从句还是状语从句的区别
一、where引导定语从句时, where是关系副词, 在从句中作地点状语, 其前面有表示地点的先行词, where引导的从句修饰先行词。例如:
The bookshop where I bought this book is not far from here.
This is the house where I lived two years ago.
We will start at the point where we left off.
二、where引导状语从句时, where是从属连词, where引导的从句修饰主句的谓语动词, where前面没有表示地点的先行词。例如:
Wuhan lies where the Changjiang River and the Han Jiang River meet.
Make a mark where you have any doubts or questions.
I found my books where I had left them.
有时, where引导的地点状语从句兼有抽象条件含义, 可放在主句的前面, 而where引导的定语从句则不能。例如:
Where there is a will, there is a way. 〔谚语〕有志者事竟成。
Where there is water, there is life. 有水的地方就有生命。
三、在有些情况下, where引导的定语从句可转换为where引导的地点状语从句。例如:
A tall building was put up at the place where there used to be a desert. (=A tall building was put up where there used to be a desert. )在以前曾是沙漠的地方盖起了一幢高楼。
Bam boo grows best in places where it is warm and where it rains often. (=Bamboo grows best where it is warm and where it rains often. )温暖而多雨的地方最适合于竹子生长。
定语从句和时间状语
在年少学*的日子里,大家都背过不少知识点,肯定对知识点非常熟悉吧!知识点就是一些常考的内容,或者考试经常出题的地方。哪些才是我们真正需要的知识点呢?以下是小编收集整理的定语从句和时间状语,欢迎阅读,希望大家能够喜欢。
1.when的译法不同
在时间状语中,when 翻译成“当……的时候”
I want to be a teacher when I grow up.
当我长大的时候,我要做一名老师。
在定语从句中,前置时,可以省略,后置时翻译成“那时” 。
I won't forget the day when he says he loves me.
我不会忘记他说爱我的那一天。
2. 位置不同
在时间状语中,when引导的从句可以在句首,可以主句之后。
定语从句中,when从句不能位于句首,且通常when前为表示时间的名词day、year等。
3. when在从句的作用不同
在时间状语从句中,when是连词,只起连接主句和从句的作用,不做从句的任何成分。不过when引导的时间状语从句修饰主句的谓语,做主句的时间状语。
在定语从句中,when是关系副词,在从句中代替先行词做从句的时间状语,修饰从句的谓语。
例1 I will always remember the days when I lived with my grandparents in the country.
例2 I always remember the days in the country when I see the photo of my grandparents.
点评:例1意为“我会永远记得跟我祖父母一起住在乡下的那些日子”,其中when 引导的是一个定语从句, 修饰the days, when在从句中作时间状语。例2意为“当我看到祖父母的照片时,总是会想起在乡下的那些日子”,其中when 引导的从句并不修饰前面的`名词the country,因此可判定为时间状语从句。
拓展:定语从句that
that常用作关系代词,可指代某人,也可指代某物,指物时有的时候可用which替换that,指人时可用who替换。但在下列情况下,一般用that。
一、that指代某物事时
1.先行词为all, few, little, much, the one, something, anything, everything, nothing等时。如:
(1)We'll do all that we can to protect the endangered plants and animals.
我们将尽我们的最大努力来保护那些濒危的动植物。
(2) There is much that I wan to tell you.
我有很多想要告诉你的话。
(3) Is there anything that I can do for you?
有什么我可以帮你的吗?
2. 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, (a)few, (a)little, much等限定词修饰时。如:
(4) You can borrow any book that you want to read in our school library.
在我们图书馆,你可以借任何你想读的书。
3. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如:
(5)This is the most beautiful city that I've ever seen.
这是我见过的最漂亮的城市。
4. 先行词被the only, the very, the right, the last 等修饰时。如:
(6)This is the very factory that they visited last summer holiday.
这恰好是他们去年参观的那个工厂。
(7)This is the only painting in this style that we have.
这种风格的画我们仅有一幅。
5. 先行词是并列结构,既有人又有物时。如:
(8)He talked happily of the writer and his books that interested him.
6. 先行词前有the same 修饰,表示和先行词是同一物时。如:
(9)This is the same purse that I lost yesterday.
这就是我昨天丢的那个钱夹。
注:如果表示的是与先行词同一类或相似的某物,则用the same…as….如:
(10)This is the same purse as I lost yesterday.
这个钱夹和我昨天丢的那个一样。
7. 先行词为数词时。
(11)Look at the books on the bookshelf. You can see the two that you bought me for my birthday.
瞧书架上那些书。你可以看到我过生日时你买的那两本。
8. 如果which引导的定语从句中又含有一个定语从句,为避免重复,第二个定语从句用that。如:
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