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TED经典演讲:脆弱的力量
在英语学*的过程,大家想要尽可能的提高英语水*的话,进行英语演讲不仅是对自己水*的测验,同时也是对自己英语水*提高的做法,下面是小编给大家整理的TED经典演讲:脆弱的力量,欢迎阅读!
So, I'll start with this: a couple years ago, an event planner called me because I was going to do a speaking event. And she called, and she said, "I'm really struggling with how to write about you on the little flyer." And I thought, "Well, what's the struggle?" And she said, "Well, I saw you speak, and I'm going to call you a researcher, I think, but I'm afraid if I call you a researcher, no one will come, because they'll think you're boring and irrelevant." (Laughter) And I was like, "Okay." And she said, "But the thing I liked about your talk is you're a storyteller. So I think what I'll do is just call you a storyteller." And of course, the academic, insecure part of me was like, "You're going to call me a what?" And she said, "I'm going to call you a storyteller." And I was like, "Why not magic pixie?" (Laughter) I was like, "Let me think about this for a second." I tried to call deep on my courage. And I thought, you know, I am a storyteller. I'm a qualitative researcher. I collect stories; that's what I do. And maybe stories are just data with a soul. And maybe I'm just a storyteller. And so I said, "You know what? Why don't you just say I'm a researcher-storyteller." And she went, "Ha ha. There's no such thing." (Laughter) So I'm a researcher-storyteller, and I'm going to talk to you today -- we're talking about expanding perception -- and so I want to talk to you and tell some stories about a piece of my research that fundamentally expanded my perception and really actually changed the way that I live and love and work and parent.
那我就这么开始吧: 几年前,一个活动策划人打电话给我, 因为我当时要做一个演讲。 她在电话里说: “我真很苦恼该如何在宣传单上 介绍你。” 我心想,怎么会苦恼呢? 她继续道:“你看,我听过你的演讲, 我觉得我可以称你为研究者, 可我担心的是,如果我这么称呼你,没人会来听, 因为大家普遍认为研究员很无趣而且脱离现实。” (笑声) 好。 然后她说:“但是我喜欢你的演讲, 就跟讲故事一样很吸引人。 我想来想去,还是觉得称你为讲故事的人比较妥当。” 而那个做学术的,感到不安的我 脱口而出道:“你要叫我什么?” 她说:“我要称你为讲故事的人。" 我心想:”为什么不干脆叫魔法小精灵?“ (笑声) 我说:”让我考虑一下。“ 我试着鼓起勇气。 我对自己说,我是一个讲故事的人。 我是一个从事定性研究的科研人员。 我收集故事;这就是我的工作。 或许故事就是有灵魂的数据。 或许我就是一个讲故事的人。 于是我说:”听着, 要不你就称我为做研究兼讲故事的人。“ 她说:”哈哈,没这么个说法呀。“ (笑声) 所以我是个做研究兼讲故事的人, 我今天想跟大家谈论的-- 我们要谈论的话题是关于拓展认知-- 我想给你们讲几个故事 是关于我的一份研究的, 这份研究从本质上拓宽了我个人的认知, 也确确实实改变了我生活、爱、 工作还有教育孩子的方式。
And this is where my story starts. When I was a young researcher, doctoral student, my first year I had a research professor who said to us, "Here's the thing, if you cannot measure it, it does not exist." And I thought he was just sweet-talking me. I was like, "Really?" and he was like, "Absolutely." And so you have to understand that I have a bachelor's in social work, a master's in social work, and I was getting my Ph.D. in social work, so my entire academic career was surrounded by people who kind of believed in the "life's messy, love it." And I'm more of the, "life's messy, clean it up, organize it and put it into a bento box." (Laughter) And so to think that I had found my way, to found a career that takes me -- really, one of the big sayings in social work is, "Lean into the discomfort of the work." And I'm like, knock discomfort upside the head and move it over and get all A's. That was my mantra. So I was very excited about this. And so I thought, you know what, this is the career for me, because I am interested in some messy topics. But I want to be able to make them not messy. I want to understand them. I want to hack into these things I know are important and lay the code out for everyone to see.
我的故事从这里开始。 当我还是个年轻的博士研究生的时候, 第一年,有位研究教授 对我们说: ”事实是这样的, 如果有一个东西你无法测量,那么它就不存在。“ 我心想他只是在哄哄我们这些小孩子吧。 我说:“真的么?” 他说:“当然。” 你得知道 我有一个社会工作的学士文凭,一个社会工作的硕士文凭, 我在读的是一个社会工作的博士文凭, 所以我整个学术生涯 都被人所包围, 他们大抵相信 生活是一团乱麻,接受它。 而我的观点则倾向于,生活是一团乱麻, 解开它,把它整理好, 再归类放入便当盒里。 (笑声) 我觉得我领悟到了关键, 有能力去创一番事业,让自己-- 真的,社会工作的一个重要理念是 置身于工作的不适中。 我就是要把这不适翻个底朝天 每科都拿到A。 这就是我当时的信条。 我当时真的是跃跃欲试。 我想这就是我要的职业生涯, 因为我对乱成一团,难以处理的课题感兴趣。 我想要把它们弄清楚。 我想要理解它们。 我想侵入那些 我知道是重要的东西 把它们摸透,然后用浅显易懂的方式呈献给每一个人。
So where I started was with connection. Because, by the time you're a social worker for 10 years, what you realize is that connection is why we're here. It's what gives purpose and meaning to our lives. This is what it's all about. It doesn't matter whether you talk to people who work in social justice, mental health and abuse and neglect, what we know is that connection, the ability to feel connected, is -- neurobiologically that's how we're wired -- it's why we're here. So I thought, you know what, I'm going to start with connection. Well, you know that situation where you get an evaluation from your boss, and she tells you 37 things you do really awesome, and one "opportunity for growth?" (Laughter) And all you can think about is that opportunity for growth, right? Well, apparently this is the way my work went as well, because, when you ask people about love, they tell you about heartbreak. When you ask people about belonging, they'll tell you their most excruciating experiences of being excluded. And when you ask people about connection, the stories they told me were about disconnection.
所以我的起点是“关系”。 因为当你从事了10年的社会工作, 你必然会发现 关系是我们活着的原因。 它赋予了我们生命的意义。 就是这么简单。 无论你跟谁交流 工作在社会执法领域的也好,负责精神健康、虐待和疏于看管领域的也好 我们所知道的是,关系 是种感应的能力-- 生物神经上,我们是这么被设定的-- 这就是为什么我们在这儿。 所以我就从关系开始。 下面这个场景我们再熟悉不过了, 你的上司给你作工作评估, 她告诉了你37点你做得相当棒的地方, 还有一点--成长的空间? (笑声) 然后你满脑子都想着那一点成长的空间,不是么。 这也是我研究的一个方面, 因为当你跟人们谈论爱情, 他们告诉你的是一件让他们心碎的事。 当你跟人们谈论归属感, 他们告诉你的是最让他们痛心的 被排斥的经历。 当你跟人们谈论关系, 他们跟我讲的是如何被断绝关系的故事。
So very quickly -- really about six weeks into this research -- I ran into this unnamed thing that absolutely unraveled connection in a way that I didn't understand or had never seen. And so I pulled back out of the research and thought, I need to figure out what this is. And it turned out to be shame. And shame is really easily understood as the fear of disconnection: Is there something about me that, if other people know it or see it, that I won't be worthy of connection? The things I can tell you about it: it's universal; we all have it. The only people who don't experience shame have no capacity for human empathy or connection. No one wants to talk about it, and the less you talk about it the more you have it. What underpinned this shame, this "I'm not good enough," -- which we all know that feeling: "I'm not blank enough. I'm not thin enough, rich enough, beautiful enough, smart enough, promoted enough." The thing that underpinned this was excruciating vulnerability, this idea of, in order for connection to happen, we have to allow ourselves to be seen, really seen.
所以很快的--在大约开始研究这个课题6周以后-- 我遇到了这个前所未闻的东西 它揭示了关系 以一种我不理解也从没见过的方式。 所以我暂停了原先的研究计划, 对自己说,我得弄清楚这到底是什么。 它最终被鉴定为耻辱感。 耻辱感很容易理解, 即害怕被断绝关系。 有没有一些关于我的事 如果别人知道了或看到了, 会认为我不值得交往。 我要告诉你们的是: 这种现象很普遍;我们都会有(这种想法)。 没有体验过耻辱的人 不具有人类的同情或关系。 没人想谈论自己的糗事, 你谈论的越少,你越感到可耻。 滋生耻辱感的 是一种“我不够好."的心态-- 我们都知道这是个什么滋味: ”我不够什么。我不够苗条, 不够有钱,不够漂亮,不够聪明, 职位不够高。“ 而支撑这种心态的 是一种刻骨铭心的`脆弱, 关键在于 要想产生关系, 我们必须让自己被看见, 真真切切地被看见。
And you know how I feel about vulnerability. I hate vulnerability. And so I thought, this is my chance to beat it back with my measuring stick. I'm going in, I'm going to figure this stuff out, I'm going to spend a year, I'm going to totally deconstruct shame, I'm going to understand how vulnerability works, and I'm going to outsmart it. So I was ready, and I was really excited. As you know, it's not going to turn out well. (Laughter) You know this. So, I could tell you a lot about shame, but I'd have to borrow everyone else's time. But here's what I can tell you that it boils down to -- and this may be one of the most important things that I've ever learned in the decade of doing this research. My one year turned into six years: thousands of stories, hundreds of long interviews, focus groups. At one point, people were sending me journal pages and sending me their stories -- thousands of pieces of data in six years. And I kind of got a handle on it.
你知道我怎么看待脆弱。我恨它。 所以我思考着,这次是轮到我 用我的标尺击溃它的时候了。 我要闯进去,把它弄清楚, 我要花一年的时间,彻底瓦解耻辱, 我要搞清楚脆弱是怎么运作的, 然后我要智取胜过它。 所以我准备好了,非常兴奋。 跟你预计的一样,事与愿违。 (笑声) 你知道这个(结果)。 我能告诉你关于耻辱的很多东西, 但那样我就得占用别人的时间了。 但我在这儿可以告诉你,归根到底 -- 这也许是我学到的最重要的东西 在从事研究的数十年中。 我预计的一年 变成了六年, 成千上万的故事, 成百上千个采访,焦点集中。 有时人们发给我期刊报道, 发给我他们的故事 -- 不计其数的数据,就在这六年中。 我大概掌握了它。
I kind of understood, this is what shame is, this is how it works. I wrote a book, I published a theory, but something was not okay -- and what it was is that, if I roughly took the people I interviewed and divided them into people who really have a sense of worthiness -- that's what this comes down to, a sense of worthiness -- they have a strong sense of love and belonging -- and folks who struggle for it, and folks who are always wondering if they're good enough. There was only one variable that separated the people who have a strong sense of love and belonging and the people who really struggle for it. And that was, the people who have a strong sense of love and belonging believe they're worthy of love and belonging. That's it. They believe they're worthy. And to me, the hard part of the one thing that keeps us out of connection is our fear that we're not worthy of connection, was something that, personally and professionally, I felt like I needed to understand better. So what I did is I took all of the interviews where I saw worthiness, where I saw people living that way, and just looked at those.
我大概理解了这就是耻辱, 这就是它的运作方式。 我写了本书, 我出版了一个理论, 但总觉得哪里不对劲 -- 它其实是, 如果我粗略地把我采访过的人 分成 具有自我价值感的人 -- 说到底就是 自我价值感 -- 他们勇于去爱并且拥有强烈的归属感 -- 另一部分则是为之苦苦挣扎的人, 总是怀疑自己是否足够好的人。 区分那些 敢于去爱 并拥有强烈归属感的人 和那些为之而苦苦挣扎的人的变量只有一个。 那就是,那些敢于去爱 并拥有强烈归属感的人 相信他们值得被爱,值得享有归属感。 就这么简单。 他们相信自己的价值。 而对于我, 那个阻碍人与人之间关系的最困难的部分 是我们对于自己不值得享有这种关系的恐惧, 无论从个人,还是职业上 我都觉得我有必要去更深入地了解它。 所以接下来 我找出所有的采访记录 找出那些体现自我价值的,那些持有这种观念的记录, 集中研究它们。
What do these people have in common? I have a slight office sup* addiction, but that's another talk. So I had a manila folder, and I had a Sharpie, and I was like, what am I going to call this research? And the first words that came to my mind were whole-hearted. These are whole-hearted people, living from this deep sense of worthiness. So I wrote at the top of the manila folder, and I started looking at the data. In fact, I did it first in a four-day very intensive data ***ysis, where I went back, pulled the interviews, the stories, pulled the incidents. What's the theme? What's the pattern? My husband left town with the kids because I always go into this Jackson Pollock crazy thing, where I'm just writing and in my researcher mode. And so here's what I found. What they had in common was a sense of courage. And I want to separate courage and bravery for you for a minute. Courage, the original definition of courage, when it first came into the English language -- it's from the Latin word cor, meaning heart -- and the original definition was to tell the story of who you are with your whole heart. And so these folks had, very sim*, the courage to be imperfect. They had the compassion to be kind to themselves first and then to others, because, as it turns out, we can't practice compassion with other people if we can't treat ourselves kindly. And the last was they had connection, and -- this was the hard part -- as a result of authenticity, they were willing to let go of who they thought they should be in order to be who they were, which you have to absolutely do that for connection.
这群人有什么共同之处? 我对办公用品有点痴迷, 但这是另一个话题了。 我有一个牛皮纸文件夹,还有一个三福极好笔, 我心想,我该怎么给这项研究命名呢? 第一个蹦入我脑子的是 全心全意这个词。 这是一群全心全意,靠着一种强烈的自我价值感在生活的人们。 所以我在牛皮纸夹的上端这样写道, 而后我开始查看数据。 事实上,我开始是 用四天时间 集中分析数据, 我从头找出那些采访,找出其中的故事和事件。 主题是什么?有什么规律? 我丈夫带着孩子离开了小镇, 因为我老是陷入像杰克逊.波洛克(美国*代抽象派画家)似的疯狂状态, 我一直在写, 完全沉浸在研究的状态中。 下面是我的发现。 这些人的共同之处在于 勇气。 我想在这里先花一分钟跟大家区分一下勇气和胆量。 勇气,最初的定义, 当它刚出现在英文里的时候 -- 是从拉丁文cor,意为心,演变过来的 -- 最初的定义是 真心地叙述一个故事,告诉大家你是谁的。 所以这些人 就具有勇气 承认自己不完美。 他们具有同情心, 先是对自己的,再是对他人的, 因为,事实是,我们如果不能善待自己, 我们也无法善待他人。 最后一点,他们都能和他人建立关系, -- 这是很难做到的-- 前提是他们必须坦诚, 他们愿意放开自己设定的那个理想的自我 以换取真正的自我, 这是赢得关系的 必要条件。
The other thing that they had in common was this: They fully embraced vulnerability. They believed that what made them vulnerable made them beautiful. They didn't talk about vulnerability being comfortable, nor did they really talk about it being excruciating -- as I had heard it earlier in the shame interviewing. They just talked about it being necessary. They talked about the willingness to say, "I love you" first, the willingness to do something where there are no guarantees, the willingness to breathe through waiting for the doctor to call after your mammogram. They're willing to invest in a relationship that may or may not work out. They thought this was fundamental.
他们还有另外一个共同之处 那就是, 他们全然接受脆弱。 他们相信 让他们变得脆弱的东西 也让他们变得美丽。 他们不认为脆弱 是寻求舒适, 也不认为脆弱是钻心的疼痛 -- 正如我之前在关于耻辱的采访中听到的。 他们只是简单地认为脆弱是必须的。 他们会谈到愿意 说出"我爱你", 愿意 做些 没有的事情, 愿意 等待医生的电话, 在做完乳房X光检查之后。 他们愿意为情感投资, 无论有没有结果。 他们觉得这些都是最根本的。
I personally thought it was betrayal. I could not believe I had pledged allegiance to research, where our job -- you know, the definition of research is to control and predict, to study phenomena, for the explicit reason to control and predict. And now my mission to control and predict had turned up the answer that the way to live is with vulnerability and to stop controlling and predicting. This led to a little breakdown -- (Laughter) -- which actually looked more like this. (Laughter) And it did.
我当时认为那是背叛。 我无法相信 我尽然对科研宣誓效忠 -- 研究的定义是 控制(变量)然后预测,去研究现象, 为了一个明确的目标, 去控制并预测。 而我现在的使命 即控制并预测 却给出了这样一个结果:要想与脆弱共存 就得停止控制,停止预测 于是我崩溃了 -- (笑声) -- 其实更像是这样。 (笑声) 它确实是。 我称它为崩溃,我的心理医生称它为灵魂的觉醒。 灵魂的觉醒当然比精神崩溃要好听很多, 但我跟你说那的确是精神崩溃。 然后我不得不暂且把数据放一边,去求助心理医生。 让我告诉你:你知道你是谁 当你打电话跟你朋友说:“我觉得我需要跟人谈谈。 你有什么好的建议吗?“ 因为我大约有五个朋友这么回答: ”喔。我可不想当你的心理医生。“ (笑声) 我说:”这是什么意思?“ 他们说:”我只是想说, 别带上你的标尺来见我。“ 我说:”行。“
I call it a breakdown; my therapist calls it a spiritual awakening. (Laughter) A spiritual awakening sounds better than breakdown, but I assure you it was a breakdown. And I had to put my data away and go find a therapist. Let me tell you something: you know who you are when you call your friends and say, "I think I need to see somebody. Do you have any recommendations?" Because about five of my friends were like, "Wooo, I wouldn't want to be your therapist." (Laughter) I was like, "What does that mean?" And they're like, "I'm just saying, you know. Don't bring your measuring stick." (Laughter) I was like, "Okay." So I found a therapist. My first meeting with her, Diana -- I brought in my list of the way the whole-hearted live, and I sat down. And she said, "How are you?" And I said, "I'm great. I'm okay." She said, "What's going on?" And this is a therapist who sees therapists, because we have to go to those, because their B.S. meters are good. (Laughter) And so I said, "Here's the thing, I'm struggling." And she said, "What's the struggle?" And I said, "Well, I have a vulnerability issue. And I know that vulnerability is the core of shame and fear and our struggle for worthiness, but it appears that it's also the birthplace of joy, of creativity, of belonging, of love. And I think I have a problem, and I need some help." And I said, "But here's the thing: no family stuff, no childhood shit." (Laughter) "I just need some strategies." (Laughter) (Applause) Thank you. So she goes like this. (Laughter) And then I said, "It's bad, right?" And she said, "It's neither good nor bad." (Laughter) "It just is what it is." And I said, "Oh my God, this is going to suck."
就这样我找到了一个心理医生。 我跟她,戴安娜,的第一次见面 -- 我带去了一份表单 上面都是那些全身心投入生活的人的生活方式,然后我坐下了。 她说:”你好吗?“ 我说:”我很好。还不赖。“ 她说:”发生了什么事?“ 这是一个治疗心理医生的心理医生, 我们不得不去看这些心理医生, 因为他们的废话测量仪很准(知道你什么时候在说真心话)。 (笑声) 所以我说: “事情是这样的。我很纠结。” 她说:“你纠结什么?” 我说:”嗯,我跟脆弱过不去。 而且我知道脆弱是 耻辱和恐惧的根源 是我们为自我价值而挣扎的根源, 但它同时又是 欢乐,创造性, 归属感,爱的源泉。 所以我觉得我有问题, 我需要帮助。“ 我补充道:”但是, 这跟家庭无关, 跟童年无关。“ (笑声) “我只需要一些策略。” (笑声) (掌声) 谢谢。 戴安娜的反应是这样的。 (笑声) 我接着说:“这很糟糕,对么?” 她说:“这不算好,也不算坏。” (笑声) “它本身就是这样。” 我说:“哦,我的天,要悲剧了。”
(Laughter)
(笑声)
And it did, and it didn't. And it took about a year. And you know how there are people that, when they realize that vulnerability and tenderness are important, that they surrender and walk into it. A: that's not me, and B: I don't even hang out with people like that. (Laughter) For me, it was a yearlong street fight. It was a slugfest. Vulnerability pushed, I pushed back. I lost the fight, but probably won my life back.
(悲剧)果然发生了,但又没有发生。 大概有一年的时间。 你知道的,有些人 当他们发现脆弱和温柔很重要的时候, 他们放下所有戒备,欣然接受。 (我要声明)一,这不是我, 二,我朋友里面也没有这样的人。 (笑声) 对我来说,那是长达一年的斗争。 是场激烈的混战。 脆弱打我一拳,我又还击它一拳。 最后我输了, 但我或许赢回了我的生活。
And so then I went back into the research and spent the next couple of years really trying to understand what they, the whole-hearted, what choices they were making, and what are we doing with vulnerability. Why do we struggle with it so much? Am I alone in struggling with vulnerability? No. So this is what I learned. We numb vulnerability -- when we're waiting for the call. It was funny, I sent something out on Twitter and on Facebook that says, "How would you define vulnerability? What makes you feel vulnerable?" And within an hour and a half, I had 150 responses. Because I wanted to know what's out there. Having to ask my husband for help because I'm sick, and we're newly married; initiating sex with my husband; initiating sex with my wife; being turned down; asking someone out; waiting for the doctor to call back; getting laid off; laying off people. This is the world we live in. We live in a vulnerable world. And one of the ways we deal with it is we numb vulnerability.
然后我再度投入到了我的研究中, 又花了几年时间 真正试图去理解那些全身心投入生活的人, 他们做了怎样的决定, 他们是如何应对 脆弱的。 为什么我们为之痛苦挣扎? 我是独自在跟脆弱斗争吗? 不是。 这是我学到的: 我们麻痹脆弱 -- (例如)当我们等待(医生)电话的时候。 好笑的是,我在Twitter微博和Facebook上发布了一条状态, “你怎样定义脆弱? 什么会让你感到脆弱?“ 在1个半小时内,我收到了150条回复。 因为我想知道 大家都是怎么想的。 (回复中有)不得不请求丈夫帮忙, 因为我病了,而且我们刚结婚; 跟丈夫提出要**; 跟妻子提出要**; 被拒绝;约某人出来; 等待医生的答复; 被裁员;裁掉别人-- 这就是我们生活的世界。 我们活在一个脆弱的世界里。 我们应对的方法之一 是麻痹脆弱。
And I think there's evidence -- and it's not the only reason this evidence exists, but I think it's a huge cause -- We are the most in-debt, obese, addicted and medicated * cohort in U.S. history. The problem is -- and I learned this from the research -- that you cannot selectively numb emotion. You can't say, here's the bad stuff. Here's vulnerability, here's grief, here's shame, here's fear, here's disappointment. I don't want to feel these. I'm going to have a couple of beers and a banana nut muffin. (Laughter) I don't want to feel these. And I know that's knowing laughter. I hack into your lives for a living. God. (Laughter) You can't numb those hard feelings without numbing the other affects, our emotions. You cannot selectively numb. So when we numb those, we numb joy, we numb gratitude, we numb happiness. And then we are miserable, and we are looking for purpose and meaning, and then we feel vulnerable, so then we have a couple of beers and a banana nut muffin. And it becomes this dangerous cycle.
我觉得这不是没有依据 -- 这也不是依据存在的唯一理由, 我认为我们当代问题的一大部分都可以归咎于它 -- 在美国历史上,我们是欠债最多, 肥胖, 毒瘾、用药最为严重 的一代。 问题是 -- 我从研究中认识到 -- 你无法选择性地麻痹感情。 你不能说,这些是不好的。 这是脆弱,这是悲哀,这是耻辱, 这是恐惧,这是失望, 我不想要这些情感。 我要去喝几瓶啤酒,吃个香蕉坚果松饼。 (笑声) 我不想要这些情感。 我知道台下传来的是会意的笑声。 别忘了,我是靠“入侵”你们的生活过日子的。 天哪。 (笑声) 你无法只麻痹那些痛苦的情感 而不麻痹所有的感官,所有的情感。 你无法有选择性地去麻痹。 当我们麻痹那些(消极的情感), 我们也麻痹了欢乐, 麻痹了感恩, 麻痹了幸福。 然后我们会变得痛不欲生, 我们继而寻找生命的意义, 然后我们感到脆弱, 然后我们喝几瓶啤酒,吃个香蕉坚果松饼。 危险的循环就这样这形成了。
One of the things that I think we need to think about is why and how we numb. And it doesn't just have to be addiction. The other thing we do is we make everything that's uncertain certain. Religion has gone from a belief in faith and mystery to certainty. I'm right, you're wrong. Shut up. That's it. Just certain. The more afraid we are, the more vulnerable we are, the more afraid we are. This is what politics looks like today. There's no discourse anymore. There's no conversation. There's just blame. You know how blame is described in the research? A way to discharge pain and discomfort. We perfect. If there's anyone who wants their life to look like this, it would be me, but it doesn't work. Because what we do is we take fat from our butts and put it in our cheeks. (Laughter) Which just, I hope in 100 years, people will look back and go, "Wow."
我们需要思考的一件事是 我们是为什么,怎么样麻痹自己的。 这不一定是指吸毒。 我们麻痹自己的另一个方式是 把不确定的事变得确定。 宗教已经从一种信仰、一种对不可知的相信 变成了确定。 我是对的,你是错的。闭嘴。 就是这样。 只要是确定的就是好的。 我们越是害怕,我们就越脆弱, 然后我们变得愈加害怕。 这件就是当今政治的现状。 探讨已经不复存在。 对话已经荡然无存。 有的仅仅是指责。 你知道研究领域是如何描述指责的吗? 一种发泄痛苦与不快的方式。 我们追求完美。 如果有人想这样塑造他的生活,那个人就是我, 但这行不通。 因为我们做的只是把屁股上的赘肉 挪到我们的脸上。 (笑声) 这真是,我希望一百年以后, 当人们回过头来会不禁感叹:”哇!“
(Laughter)
(笑声)
And we perfect, most dangerously, our children. Let me tell you what we think about children. They're hardwired for struggle when they get here. And when you hold those perfect little babies in your hand, our job is not to say, "Look at her, she's perfect. My job is just to keep her perfect -- make sure she makes the tennis team by fifth grade and Yale by seventh." That's not our job. Our job is to look and say, "You know what? You're imperfect, and you're wired for struggle, but you are worthy of love and belonging." That's our job. Show me a generation of kids raised like that, and we'll end the problems I think that we see today. We pretend that what we do doesn't have an effect on people. We do that in our personal lives. We do that corporate -- whether it's a bailout, an oil spill, a recall -- we pretend like what we're doing doesn't have a huge impact on other people. I would say to companies, this is not our first rodeo, people. We just need you to be authentic and real and say, "We're sorry. We'll fix it."
我们想要,这是最危险的, 我们的孩子变得完美。 让我告诉你我们是如何看待孩子的。 从他们出生的那刻起,他们就注定要挣扎。 当你把这些完美的宝宝抱在怀里的时候, 我们的任务不是说:”看看她,她完美的无可挑剔。“ 而是确保她保持完美 -- 保证她五年级的时候可以进网球队,七年级的时候稳进耶鲁。 那不是我们的任务。 我们的任务是注视着她,对她说, “你知道吗?你并不完美,你注定要奋斗, 但你值得被爱,值得享有归属感。” 这才是我们的职责。 给我看用这种方式培养出来的一代孩子, 我保证我们今天有的问题会得到解决。 我们假装我们的行为 不会影响他人。 不仅在我们个人生活中我们这么做, 在工作中也一样 -- 无论是紧急救助,石油泄漏, 还是产品召回 -- 我们假装我们做的事 对他人不会造成什么大影响。 我想对这些公司说:嘿,这不是我们第一次牛仔竞技。 我们只要你坦诚地,真心地 说一句:"对不起, 我们会处理这个问题。“
But there's another way, and I'll leave you with this. This is what I have found: to let ourselves be seen, dee* seen, vulnerably seen; to love with our whole hearts, even though there's no guarantee -- and that's really hard, and I can tell you as a parent, that's excruciatingly difficult -- to practice gratitude and joy in those moments of terror, when we're wondering, "Can I love you this much? Can I believe in this this passionately? Can I be this fierce about this?" just to be able to stop and, instead of catastrophizing what might happen, to say, "I'm just so grateful, because to feel this vulnerable means I'm alive." And the last, which I think is probably the most important, is to believe that we're enough. Because when we work from a place, I believe, that says, "I'm enough," then we stop screaming and start listening, we're kinder and gentler to the people around us, and we're kinder and gentler to ourselves.
但还有一种方法,我把它留给你们。 这是我的心得: 卸下我们的面具,让我们被看见, 深入地被看见, 即便是脆弱的一面; 全心全意地去爱, 尽管没有任何担保 -- 这是最困难的, 我也可以告诉你,作为一名家长,这个非常非常困难 -- 带着一颗感恩的心,保持快乐 哪怕是在最恐惧的时候 哪怕我们怀疑:”我能不能爱得这么深? 我能不能如此热情地相信这份感情? 我能不能如此矢志不渝?“ 在消极的时候能打住,而不是一味地幻想事情会如何变得更糟, 对自己说:”我已经很感恩了, 因为能感受到这种脆弱,这意味着我还活着。“ 最后,还有最重要的一点, 那就是相信我们已经做得够好了。 因为我相信当我们在一个 让人觉得“我已经足够了”的环境中打拼的时候 我们会停止抱怨,开始倾听, 我们会对周围的人会更友善,更温和, 对自己也会更友善,更温和。
That's all I have. Thank you.
这就是我演讲的全部内容。谢谢大家。
拓展:TED演讲十个黄金法则
那么怎么才能登上TED演讲台呢?TED演讲的十个黄金法则:
1. Dream big. Strive to create the best talk you have ever given. Reveal something never seen before. Do something the audience will remember forever. Share an idea that could change the world.
给自己一个高目标,要把这个演讲做成你最成功的一个演讲。你可以向观众展示某些未曾公开展示的东西或做出能够让观众留下深刻印象的事情。分享一个有可能改变世界的想法。
2. Show us the real you. Share your passions, your dreams ... and also your fears. Be vulnerable. Speak of failure as well as success.
展示一个最真实的你。分享你的激情、梦想,乃至恐惧。不要把自己当成是完美无缺的,你可以讲成功的故事,也可以讲失败的故事。
3. Make the complex plain. Don't try to dazzle intellectually. Don't speak in abstractions. Explain! Give examples. Tell stories. Be specific.
简单化。千万不要吹自己多么博学,不要用抽象的言辞来表达。你要解释为何会是这样。多讲点故事,讲得清楚一点。
4. Connect with people's emotions. Make us laugh! Make us cry!
要说得动人一点,使得观众听了会发出由衷的微笑或感动到禁不住要哭泣。
5. Don't flaunt your ego. Don't boast. It’s the surest way to switch everyone off.
Ted演讲:Where is Home?家在何方?(双语)
家是温暖的港湾,但我们自己真正的家到底在哪里?以下是小编整理的Ted演讲:Where is Home?家在何方?(双语),希望你能从下面的演讲找出答案。
Pico Iyer在Ted英语演讲:Where is Home?家在何方?(中英双语)
Where do you come from? Its such a simple question, but these days, of course, simple questions bring ever more complicated answers.
你从哪里来? 这是一个很简单的问题, 但是现今,简单的问题 会带来相对复杂的答案。
People are always asking me where I come from, and theyre expecting me to say India, and theyre absolutely right insofar as 100 percent of my blood and ancestry does come from India. Except, Ive never lived one day of my life there. I cant speak even one word of its more than 22,000 dialects. So I dont think Ive really earned the right to call myself an Indian.
人们总是问我,我从哪里来, 并且期待我说出“印度”二字, 他们的期待是完全正确的, 因为我有百分百的印度血统,我的祖先也确实来自印度。 只不过,我从来没有在印度生活过。 在超过22,000种印度方言中 我甚至一个字都不会讲。 所以我不认为 我有资格称得上是印度人。
And if "Where do you come from?" means "Where were you born and raised and educated?" then Im entirely of that funny little country known as England, except I left England as soon as I completed my undergraduate education, and all the time I was growing up, I was the only kid in all my classes who didnt begin to look like the classic English heroes represented in our textbooks. And if "Where do you come from?" means "Where do you pay your taxes?
如果“你从哪里来?” 与“你在哪里出生,成长,受教育”意思等同, 那么我是彻头彻尾的一个 可爱的小国家的人, 它叫英国, 只不过在我完成了大学的学业后 我离开了英国, 在我成长期间, 我是班上唯一一个孩子 不去模仿在我们的教科书上所展现的 经典的英国英雄。 如果“你来自哪里?” 与“你在哪里缴税?
Where do you see your doctor and your dentist?" then Im very much of the United States, and I have been for 48 years now, since I was a really small child. Except, for many of those years, Ive had to carry around this funny little pink card with green lines running through my face identifying me as a permanent alien. I do actually feel more alien the longer I live there.
你去哪里找牙医,去哪里就诊?”意思相同, 那么我是地地道道的美国人, 从我孩童时代到现在, 我在这儿生活了48个年头了。 只不过其中几年, 我需要携带这张有趣的小粉红卡, 照片上的我脸上有一条条绿色线条 证明我是一名有永久居住权的 外籍居民。 在这儿生活得越久 我就感觉自己是一名外星人。
And if "Where do you come from?" means "Which place goes deepest inside you and where do you try to spend most of your time?" then Im Japanese, because Ive been living as much as I can for the last 25 years in Japan. Except, all of those years Ive been there on a tourist visa, and Im fairly sure not many Japanese would want to consider me one of them.
假如“你从哪里来?” 与“你对哪个地方印象最深, 你最想在哪里长久地待下去?”意思相同, 那么我就成了日本人, 因为过去25年, 我尽可能地居住在日本。 只不过那些年我凭借着旅游签证入境的, 而且我也肯定没有多少日本人 愿意接纳我为他们的一员。
And I say all this just to stress how very old-fashioned and straightforward my background is, because when I go to Hong Kong or Sydney or Vancouver, most of the kids I meet are much more international and multi-cultured than I am. And they have one home associated with their parents, but another associated with their partners, a third connected maybe with the place where they happen to be, a fourth connected with the place they dream of being, and many more besides.
我说这些只是强调 我的人生背景有多么的 老派和真率, 因为当我去香港,悉尼或是温哥华, 大多数我遇见的孩子 比我更国际化,也比我更富有多元文化。 他们有一个和父母共同生活的家园, 另有一个和伙伴共同玩耍的乐园, 第三个家是也许是他们碰巧待的地方, 第四个是他们的梦想乐土, 或许还有更多。
And their whole life will be spent taking pieces of many different places and putting them together into a stained glass whole. Home for them is really a work in progress. Its like a project on which theyre constantly adding upgrades and improvements and corrections.
他们的全部生活将会是 收集不同地方的生活小碎片并 把它们拼成一整块彩色玻璃。 对他们来说,家是一项进行着的工作。 那就像一项工程, 他们不断地将它更新,完善,修正。
And for more and more of us, home has really less to do with a piece of soil than, you could say, with a piece of soul. If somebody suddenly asks me, "Wheres your home?" I think about my sweetheart or my closest friends or the songs that travel with me wherever I happen to be.
对大多数人来说, 用情感铸成的家 远比用泥土铸成的家吸引人。 如果有人突然问我,“你家在哪里?” 我会想到我的心肝宝贝或是我的死党 或是那首陪伴我四处旅行的歌曲。
And Id always felt this way, but it really came home to me, as it were, some years ago when I was climbing up the stairs in my parents house in California, and I looked through the living room windows and I saw that we were encircled by 70-foot flames, one of those wildfires that regularly tear through the hills of California and many other such places.
我一直有这种感觉, 但那是我对家真正的感受。 数年前,我在加州的父母家 爬楼梯时 通过客厅的窗户远眺, 我看到我们被70英尺高的火焰包围, 加州的野火就会像 这样窜上一个山丘或其他地方。 3个小时后,那场大火 把我们的家和家里的一切 燃烧成了灰烬。只有我幸免于难。
And three hours later, that fire had reduced my home and every last thing in it except for me to ash. And when I woke up the next morning, I was sleeping on a friends floor, the only thing I had in the world was a toothbrush I had just bought from an all-night supermarket. Of course, if anybody asked me then, "Where is your home?" I literally couldnt point to any physical construction. My home would have to be whatever I carried around inside me.
第二天早晨,当我醒过来时, 我躺在朋友家的地板上, 我唯一拥有的只有一把牙刷了, 那还是我刚刚从24小时营业的超市买来的。 当然,如果当时有任何人问我, “你的家在哪里?” 我根本无法指向任何建筑物。 我的家只能存在于我的心里了。
And in so many ways, I think this is a terrific liberation. Because when my grandparents were born, they pretty much had their sense of home, their sense of community, even their sense of enmity, assigned to them at birth, and didnt have much chance of stepping outside of that.
在许多方面来说,我认为那是一次极好的**。 因为当我的祖父母出生时, 他们就有家的归属感, 他们就有社区的归属感, 就有阵营的归属感,开始憎恶敌人, 这些都随着他们的出生而决定, 并且没有太多机会跨出这个生活圈。
And nowadays, at least some of us can choose our sense of home, create our sense of community, fashion our sense of self, and in so doing maybe step a little beyond some of the black and white divisions of our grandparents age. No coincidence that the president of the strongest nation on Earth is half-Kenyan, partly raised in Indonesia, has a Chinese-Canadian brother-in-law.
而现今,至少一部分人可以选择 自己对家庭的归属感, 创建对社区的归属感, 塑造自我形象, 这样做了之后 我们不再像祖辈们那样 有鲜明的黑白对立了。 世界上最强大国家的总统 有一半的肯尼亚血统也不再是巧合了, 曾在印度尼西亚成长过, 有一个加拿大籍的华裔妹夫。
The number of people living in countries not their own now comes to 220 million, and thats an almost unimaginable number, but it means that if you took the whole population of Canada and the whole population of Australia and then the whole population of Australia again and the whole population of Canada again and doubled that number, you would still have fewer people than belong to this great floating tribe. And the number of us who live outside the old nation-state categories is increasing so quickly, by 64 million just in the last 12 years, that soon there will be more of us than there are Americans.
现在有*2亿2千万的人 居住在这儿而不是他们的故乡, 那是一个难以想象的数字, 那意味着,如果把加拿大的总人口和 澳大利亚的总人口相加, 并再次加上澳大利亚的人口 和加拿大的人口, 然后再把它乘以二得到的数字, 仍然比“流动部落”的 人数要少。 那些没有生活在自己的祖国的 居民人数正在飞速增长, 最*二十年时间了增长了6千4百万, 不久像我们这样的居民人数 就要超过美国本土居民。 我们已经开始代表着世界上第五大国家。
Already, we represent the fifth-largest nation on Earth. And in fact, in Canadas largest city, Toronto, the average resident today is what used to be called a foreigner, somebody born in a very different country.
事实上,在加拿大最大的城市 多伦多, 大多数的居民在过去 被视为外国人。
And Ive always felt that the beauty of being surrounded by the foreign is that it slaps you awake. You cant take anything for granted. Travel, for me, is a little bit like being in love, because suddenly all your senses are at the setting marked "on." Suddenly youre alert to the secret patterns of the world. The real voyage of discovery, as Marcel Proust famously said, consists not in seeing new sights, but in looking with new eyes. And of course, once you have new eyes, even the old sights, even your home become something different.
而且我一直认为生活在外国人中的美妙之处 是他们会把沉睡中的你拍醒。 你不能把所以事情当成理所当然。 对于我来说,旅行和恋爱有一丝相像, 因为你所有的感官都会处于“开”的状态。 突然间你开始留意世界的神秘之处。 “真正的发现之旅,”正如马塞尔·普鲁斯特的名言, (注:鸿篇巨著《追忆似水年华》作者) “不在于观赏新的风景, 而在于欣赏风景的眼光。” 当然,一旦你有全新的眼光, 即使是过往风景,即使是你的家园 也会变得独一无二。
Many of the people living in countries not their own are refugees who never wanted to leave home and ache to go back home.
许多在异国他乡生活的人们是难民, 他们从未想离开家园, 一直渴望回到故乡。
But for the fortunate among us, I think the age of movement brings exhilarating new possibilities. Certainly when Im traveling, especially to the major cities of the world, the typical person I meet today will be, lets say, a half-Korean, half-German young woman living in Paris.
但是,对我们之中的幸运儿来说, 漂泊的年代带来了 令人振奋的新的可能。 毫无疑问,当我在 世界上各大城市间穿梭时, 我遇见的典型的人 可能是,生活在巴黎的 韩德混血的年轻女孩。
And as soon as she meets a half-Thai, half-Canadian young guy from Edinburgh, she recognizes him as kin. She realizes that she probably has much more in common with him than with anybody entirely of Korea or entirely of Germany. So they become friends. They fall in love.
一旦她遇见了 来自爱丁堡的泰加混血的年轻男孩, 她就会把他视为同类。 她意识到和韩国人和德国人相比, 他们俩有更多的相似之处。 因此他们成为朋友,接着他们坠入爱河。
They move to New York City. (Laughter) Or Edinburgh. And the little girl who arises out of their union will of course be not Korean or German or French or Thai or Scotch or Canadian or even American, but a wonderful and constantly evolving mix of all those places.
一旦她遇见了 来自爱丁堡的泰加混血的年轻男孩, 她就会把他视为同类。 她意识到和韩国人和德国人相比, 他们俩有更多的相似之处。 因此他们成为朋友,接着他们坠入爱河。
And potentially, everything about the way that young woman dreams about the world, writes about the world, thinks about the world, could be something different, because it comes out of this almost unprecedented blend of cultures. Where you come from now is much less important than where youre going.
这位美丽的女孩 梦想世界的方式, 书写世界的方式,思考世界的方式, 都可能会为世界带来些许改变, 因为这些思想来自 前所未有的文化大融合。 当今“你要去哪里” 远远比“你来自哪里”重要。
More and more of us are rooted in the future or the present tense as much as in the past. And home, we know, is not just the place where you happen to be born. Its the place where you become yourself.
相较于守护过去, 我们越来越扎根于未来或当下。 而且家已经不仅仅是 你出生的地方了。 家是你找到自我的地方。
And yet, there is one great problem with movement, and that is that its really hard to get your bearings when youre in midair. Some years ago, I noticed that I had accumulated one million miles on United Airlines alone. You all know that crazy system, six days in hell, you get the seventh day free.
然而, 一个巨大的问题伴随着人口迁徙而来, 那就是当你居无定所时, 你很难找到自己的方向。 几年前,我意识到我在联合航空公司 已经积累了1百万英里的里程了。 你也知道那个疯狂的体制, 六天生活在地狱,才得到第七天的惬意。
And I began to think that really, movement was only as good as the sense of stillness that you could bring to it to put it into perspective.
我开始思考 当“动”和“静”被放在一起观察时, 它们二者才是同样美好的。
And eight months after my house burned down, I ran into a friend who taught at a local high school, and he said, "Ive got the perfect place for you."
在我家被烧毁的八个月后, 我遇见了一位在当地高中教书的朋友, 他对我说,“我找了一个适合你的绝佳场所。”
两个都可以,百度文库专精文档,新浪共享却包罗万象,文档,程序,代码,软件什么都有
ted精彩演讲:坠机让我学到的三件事imagineabigexplosionasyouclimbthrough3,000ft.imagineaplanefullofsmoke.imagineanenginegoingclack,clack,clack,clack,clack,clack,clack.itsoundsscary.想像一个大爆炸,当你在三千多英尺的高空;想像机舱内布满黑烟,想像引擎发出喀啦、喀啦、喀啦、喀啦、喀啦的声响,听起来很可怕。
wellihadauniqueseatthatday.iwassittingin1d.iwastheonlyonewhocantalktotheflightattendants.soilookedatthemrightaway,andtheysaid,noproblem.weprobablyhitsomebirds.thepilothadalreadyturnedtheplanearound,andwewerentthatfar.youcouldseemanhattan.那天我的位置很特别,我坐在1d,我是唯一可以和空服员说话的人,于是我立刻看着他们,他们说,“没问题,我们可能撞上鸟了。
”机长已经把机头转向,我们离目的地很*,已经可以看到曼哈顿了。
twominuteslater,3thingshappenedatthesametime.thepilotlinesuptheplanewiththehudsonriver.thatsusuallynottheroute.heturnsofftheengines.nowimaginebeinginaplan
其实我们也很尽力了啊可就是做不好可能尽善尽美是不可能的那么就这样了
这个TED是讲师Thandie Newton在演讲中提及:婴儿时期,我们没有自我,与整个世界联系。
长大后,我们从名字开始,一点点被灌输自我意识,用自我作为工具成为我们想要成为的人。
她讲述了自己成长时期自我被否定时的痛苦,恐慌,后来懂得自我是可以被打碎,一步步改变,塑造新的自我。
Thandie Newton经历了肤色的种族歧视,对自我的怀疑,她也在舞蹈演员和电影演员的生涯中找到了新的自我-可控的,鲜活的。
当她回归学校的生活中她依旧回到了原来的自我,为自己的肤色感到不安。
但其实当她在跳舞的时候,投入其中,自我仿佛被压抑,感受到了音乐,舞台,观众,如同婴儿一样的感官(同一性)。
当她扮演一个角色的时候,进入到不同的自我(多样性)。
Thandie Newton把自己的演艺事业的成功归因于自我的缺失。
我想起初高中的自我,有一部分现在看起来不可理喻:和父亲站在对立面,水火不容。
但我也感谢当时的自己,花费了巨大的勇气和力量跟父亲握手言和, 打碎了曾经偏执的,情绪化的自我。
现在我大概是处于一种寻求安全,找一个值得学*的榜样,固守自我,不愿改变的状态。
“如果我们活在自己的世界里,认为这就是生活,我们会越来越迟钝”。
确实,这也是大部分人止步不前的原因。
而那些敏锐地感知世界的人恰好是自我被抑制。
不必对自我羞愧,尊重自我,顺从内心,真正地感受世间带来的喜悦,痛苦,感动,欢愉。
打碎缺陷的自我,改变和塑造新的自我,放低自我,用眼睛和心灵去观察,我们的本源和我们与世界的联系。
我都是把TED演讲的标题摘下来百度,有些人会整理,可以搜得到。
不过新的就不一定的,你要练英语么
一、复*导入,解读目标1、已知圆的半径或直径,怎样计算圆的周长
写出圆的周长公式:C= 或C= 2、求下面各圆的周长: (1)半径是1米 (2)直径是3厘米3、整体感知圆柱: 请找出生活中圆柱形的物体。
二、用心思考,独立完成1、圆柱的表面(1)摸摸圆柱。
摸摸自己手中圆柱的表面,说说发现了什么
圆柱是由哪几个部分组成的
(2)摸到的上下两个面叫什么
摸到的圆柱周围的曲面叫什么
它们有什么特征
2、圆柱的高(1)自学课本P11例1,拿个圆柱实物指出它的高,思考圆柱的高有什么特征
(2)深化感知:面对这数不清的高,测量哪一条最为简便
(3)尝试完成P11“做一做”。
(说一说长方形或正方形转动起来是什么
)(4)说一说圆柱有什么特征
三、合作交流,释疑解惑1、圆柱的侧面展开(P12例2)(1)动手操作:请同学分小组拿出有商标纸的圆柱形实物,分别把商标纸剪开,再打开,观察商标纸的形状.(2)交流讨论:展开后得到长方形和正方形的是怎样剪的
展开后得到*行四边形的是怎样剪的
(3)寻求发现:展开的长方形的长和宽与圆柱的关系.①把展开的长方形还原成圆柱的侧面,再展开,在重复操作中观察。
②说出自己的发现:这个长方形的长就是圆柱底面的_________,宽就是圆柱的______。
③小组对子相互检查并说一说错在什么地方。
(4)延伸发现:展开的*行四边形的底和高及正方形的边长与圆柱的关系。
①讨论:*行四边形能否通过什么方法转化成长方形
②想一想:当圆柱底面周长与高相等时,侧面展开图是什么形
③小结:不管侧面怎样剪,得到各种图形,都能通过割补的方法转化成长方形.其中正方形是特殊的长方形.四、展示提升,当堂检测1、完成P15 练*二第1、2题,组长检查核对,提出质疑。
2、层级训练:1、巩固训练:完成P15练*二第3、4题。
2、拓展提高:完成第12页“做一做”。
整理导学案:1、对照学*目标,把自己已经完成的学*目标后面画个笑脸。
2、把自己本节课的收获或提醒自己的话用红笔写在右面栏里。
1、用剩下一年半的奋斗与汗水去换取我成功的一生。为了自己的未来,拼!
2、青春不只是秀美的发辫和花色的衣裙,在青春的世界里,沙粒要变成珍珠,石头要化做黄金。
3、相信自己,走自己的路,这应该是我们每位销售员应该有的信念和动力。
4、哪怕是最没有希望的事情,只要坚持去做,到最后就会拥有希望。
5、只有通过你自己的实践经历与认真思考之后,才知道什么东西对你最好、什么事情对你最重要。
6、一份勤劳,一份收获,坚决不做守株待兔之人,付出的多得到的将会更多。
7、当你感到悲哀痛苦时,最好是去学些什么东西。学*会使你永远立于不败之地。
8、不停站,想开往地老天荒需要多勇敢,人生无常,时不我待。
9、一个能从别人的观念来看事情,能了解别人心灵活动的人,永远不必为自己的前途担心。
10、毁灭人只要一句话,培植一个人却要千句话,请你多口下留情。
11、伟人之所以伟大,是因为他与别人共处逆境时,别人失去了信心,他却下决心实现自己的目标。
12、风帆不挂上桅杆,就是一块无用的布,理想不付出行动,就是虚无缥缈的雾。
13、往前,先得受尽悲痛,流尽眼泪。可是这样是好的,应该这样。
14、困难,激发前进的力量;挫折,磨练奋斗的勇气;失败,指明成功的方向。
15、失败是成功之母,要努力学*,不要恢心,但也不要放松,要把握分分秒秒。
16、上天完全是为了坚强你的意志,才在道路上设下重重的障碍。
17、有一线希望,要作出百分之百的努力啊。学*要全力以赴而不是尽力而为。
18、不管有多苦,千万要记住:苦难是我们人生路上不可缺少的经历,只有活着,才有幸福的可能!
19、别怕梦想与现实的距离,如果你可想到,同样你也能做到。
20、天将降大任于是人也,必先苦其心志,劳其筋骨,饿其体肤,空乏其身,行拂乱其所为。
21、穷则思变,差则思勤!没有比人更高的山没有比脚更长的路。
22、你相信你行,你就活力无穷;你认为你自已不行,就会精神萎靡。
23、每一个人都想知道山那边是什么,其实那边并没有什么。当爬上去时,才觉得原来还是这边比较好。
24、驾驭命运的舵是奋斗。不抱有一丝幻想,不放弃一点机会,不停止一日努力。
25、会学*,才能获得生存的本领;爱工作,才能享受人生的精彩。
26、管涌如不堵,能决防洪之长堤;贪欲如不除,可毁为官之大志。
27、只有刚强的人,才有神圣的意志,凡是战斗的人,才能取得胜利。
28、忍耐和坚持虽是痛苦的事情,但却能渐渐地为你带来好处。
29、世间没有一种具有真正价值的东西,可以不经过艰苦辛勤劳动而能够得到的。
30、逆境是人生的摇篮,磨炼是成功的良伴,挫折是英才的乳汁,失败是胜利的基石。
31、人生最难改变的是生命的长度,最易改变的是生命的宽度。
32、不能控制的决定就不要怨,能控制的决定就不要做错,错了的决定也不要后悔。
33、如果有一天我们湮没在人潮中庸碌一生,那是因为我们没有努力活的丰盛。
34、一个人可以轻易的学会不在乎,但学*在乎却要付出百倍的勇气和努力。
35、青春期最容易表现出喜怒衰乐的感情,而且是非常强烈的。
36、天才就是最强有力的牛,他们一刻不停地,一天要工作小时。
37、没有人富有得可以不要别人的帮助,也没有人穷得不能在某方面给他人帮助。
38、人只有为自己同时代人的完善,为他们的幸福而工作,他才能达到自身的完善。
39、只要有坚强的意志力,就自然而然地会有能耐、机灵和知识。
40、奋斗者在汗水汇集的江河里,将事业之舟驶到了理想的彼岸。
41、承诺是一件美好的事情,但美好的东西往往不会变为现实。
42、当一个小小的心念变成成为行为时,便能成了*惯;从而形成性格,而性格就决定你一生的成败。
43、懒汉是最热衷于把自己弄得筋疲力尽的人,不过不是在工作上,而是在欢乐上。
44、我要坚守我的目标永不动摇,我要努力奋斗成为我想成为的人。
45、人不仅要知道自己生命的坐标,更要知道自己生命的轨迹。
46、失败不过是离成功差一步,成功不过是比别人多一份努力。
47、只要肯去尝试,即使失败了,也会从失败中学到一些教训。
48、乐观精神是我们获得美好生活的源泉,乐观是我们事业取得成功的保证。
49、当一个人先从自己的内心开始奋斗,他就是个有价值的人。
50、一个有坚强心志的人,财产可以被人掠夺,勇气却不会被人剥夺的。
51、天下风云出我辈,一入江湖岁月催,皇图霸业谈笑中,不胜人生一场醉。
关于演讲的经典句子
1、日本人宁愿喜欢黑人,也不喜欢我们,因为现在的*人没有了精神。
2、日本人为什么不道歉,日本总统为什么不谢罪?因为他们知道,日本人的尊严和历史最重要,相反其它亚洲的不满太没有分量,所以他们可以置之不理。
3、未来20年,*人崇拜的将是知识而不是官员。这一点我们应该向日本学*,这个民族对知识的尊重,无以复加。但现在在*有点钱的人,有点小权的人——哪怕是个科长,也可以照样吧大学教授弄得没有尊严。这种貌似聪明的聪明,洋洋自得的市侩,是多么肤浅啊。
4、日本幼儿园的小朋友寒冬赤膊锻炼,他们即使有哭闹的,家长会拿着相机前面叫喊着鼓励他们。我们放学前,家长接孩子的车乱停放。新生报道的时候,随行6人团,爷爷奶奶外公外婆爸爸妈妈。民族不败,只跟与青年少年的精神,我们开始就输掉了精神。
5、只有*女性才以男性的身高来判断他其他的能力,注重婚姻的根本就是传宗接代,身体素质好又道德修养足矣,高大的身材帅气的脸蛋不代表他的身体好,高学历不代表他有到的修养。男人的一个肩膀是道德,另一个肩膀是本事,一个男人两肩有了道德(对情感的忠贞)和本事,不怕没有女人。
6、教育应该让*懂得自尊。但是现在我们看到外国人就低头,女生看到外国垃圾一般的男人都想讨好。同志们,在外国人面前我们多么地没有尊严。在留学的日本东京大学的人当中,我是唯一回来的,但日本人反而敬重我,因为我活得有灵魂,活得有骨气。
7、我们要爱自己的专业,爱自己的专业如同爱自己的'身体一样。
8、学校有些女生不自重,我们的女生见到垃圾一般的外国男人都要讨好。
9、你得信任某个东西,直觉也好,命运也好,生活也好,因果报应。
10、将来*即使发达了,但你看看那些开着豪华车的富翁们从车窗外向外吐痰扔垃圾。你就知道,如果没有教育,*再富裕也不会强大。
11、日本人侵犯我们,因为我们出了很多汉奸。将来日本人侵犯我们,还会不会有汉奸?谁将是未来*的汉奸?在座的诸位很大一部分都将是。因为你们嘲笑*,崇拜权势和金钱,鄙夷理想和志气。
12、不要抱怨国家学校没有给你提供机会。外国评论,*是最有机会的国家,我们国家缺少的是有素质有准备的年轻一代。
13、会唱歌的人用气息发音,所以不累。当我看到你们说话时喉头是动的,我就知道你唱歌肯定不好。
14、大家都在嘲笑俄罗斯,但我知道俄罗斯将来一定会发达,因为那里的人2天没吃饭了饿着肚子还排队,而我们有2个人也要挤的不可开交。
15、因为信仰能给你自信,把你的想法变成现实,让你与众不同。
16、谁现在就是汉奸?北大清华的学生,因为用他们学*的知识帮外国人开拓市场,打败我们*的企业。
17、学会做人,最重要的是要有民族文化的根基。民族文化是我们民族精神的根基,()民组语言是我们民族文化的核心。我们不能成为文化和精神的孤魂野鬼。
18、教育的本职不是谋生,而是唤起兴趣,鼓舞精神。靠教育来谋生和发达也是可以的,却被我们过度重视了。
19、读书是为了承担责任。但现在的教育让女人承担了太多责任,让男人逃避了太多责任。人类历史,实际就是一连串冲动。所以大家不要鄙视冲动,因为冲动都是可爱地。
20、我们漠视历史的价值,总以为楼宇越新越好,但你到法国市中心看看,几乎没有什么新建筑,他们以历史积淀为自豪,而我们以不断地拆楼建楼来折腾自己。
21、工作将是生活中的一大部分,让自己真正满意的唯一办法,是做自己认为有意义的工作。做有意义的工作的唯一办法,是热爱自己的工作
22、就像一切要凭着感觉去做的事情一样,一旦找到了自己喜欢的事,感觉就会告诉你。就像任何关系一样,都会随着时间的推移建立起来。
23、*的篮球不缺乏技术,不缺乏金钱,但他们缺乏责任感,哪怕是对消费者的责任感。
24、女人什么是美?纯朴善良就是美。
25、教育不仅要灌输知识,更重要的是铸就一种精神,爱国主义应该是教育的主题。要有民族的认同感。南北朝鲜在金刚山相聚的热烈拥抱,旅居北美的犹太人依然放弃外国国籍活到战火纷飞的故乡,西德推倒柏林墙,美国西部的开发,巴勒斯坦的小孩子向经过的*投掷石头。
26、一个男人,只可以给自己的父母和妻子下跪,只可以对自己的老师鞠躬,绝对不应当对权贵与金钱低头。但如今,大多数人正好反了。
Ted演讲:你存钱的能力跟你用的语言有关?
TED是美国的一家私有非营利机构,该机构以它组织的TED大会著称,这个会议的宗旨是“值得传播的创意”。以下是小编为大家搜集整理的Ted演讲:你存钱的能力跟你用的语言有关?希望对您有帮助!
Keith Chen: Could your language affect your ability to save money?
陈基思:你存钱的能力跟你用的语言有关?
The global economic financial crisis has reignited public interest in something that's actually one of the oldest questions in economics, dating back to at least before Adam Smith. And that is, why is it that countries with seemingly similar economies and institutions can display radically different savings behavior?
全球金融危机让人们对早在亚当·斯密时代就被提出的一个古老的经济学问题 重新产生了兴趣: “为什么经济规模和政治体制看起来相似的国家之间, 国民的储蓄*惯差别如此之大?”
Now, many brilliant economists have spent their entire lives working on this question, and as a field we've made a tremendous amount of headway and we understand a lot about this. What I'm here to talk with you about today is an intriguing new hypothesis and some surprisingly powerful new findings that I've been working on about the link between the structure of the language you speak and how you find yourself with the propensity to save. Let me tell you a little bit about savings rates, a little bit about language, and then I'll draw that connection.
已经有很多经济学大师花毕生精力研究了这个问题, 取得了很大的进展,我们对这个问题 也有了很深的认识。 我今天要跟大家分享的是一个很有意思的假说, 我研究了人们说的语言的(语法)结构和他们的存钱*惯之间的关系, 并得到了一些意外的新发现。 我们先介绍国民储蓄比率,再介绍语言差别, 然后我们把这两者联系起来。
Let's start by thinking about the member countries of the OECD, or the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development. OECD countries, by and large, you should think about these as the richest, most industrialized countries in the world. And by joining the OECD, they were affirming a common commitment to democracy, open markets and free trade. Despite all of these similarities, we see huge differences in savings behavior.
我们从OECD国家开始考虑, OECD即“经济合作与发展组织”。 基本上OECD包含的都是 世界上最富有的工业化国家。 而且加入OECD组织的国家都需要符合 民主*、开放市场和自由贸易等要求。 虽然这些国家都是很相似的,但是他们的存储行为差别很大。
So all the way over on the left of this graph, what you see is many OECD countries saving over a quarter of their GDP every year, and some OECD countries saving over a third of their GDP per year. Holding down the right flank of the OECD, all the way on the other side, is Greece. And what you can see is that over the last 25 years, Greece has barely managed to save more than 10 percent of their GDP. It should be noted, of course, that the United States and the U.K. are the next in line.
看这张图的左边, 你会看到多数OECD成员国年储蓄率超过GDP的1/4, 而部分成员国的年储蓄率达到了GDP的1/3。 在图右侧的这些国家,最右边的是希腊, 我们看到在过去25年 希腊的国民储蓄率刚超过10%。 需要注意美国和英国紧随其后。
Now that we see these huge differences in savings rates, how is it possible that language might have something to do with these differences? Let me tell you a little bit about how languages fundamentally differ. Linguists and cognitive scientists have been exploring this question for many years now. And then I'll draw the connection between these two behaviors.
现在我们看到存储比率的巨大差别, 但是语言跟这种差异有什么关系呢? 让我告诉你语言之间的本质差异所在。 语言学家和认知科学家已经研究这个问题很多年了, 而我今天将会将这两种行为联系起来。
Many of you have probably already noticed that I'm Chinese. I grew up in the Midwest of the United States. And something I realized quite early on was that the Chinese language forced me to speak about and -- in fact, more fundamentally than that -- ever so slightly forced me to think about family in very different ways.
你们可能注意到了我是华裔。 我在美国中西部长大。 我很小的时候就意识到了 中文在家庭关系的叫法—— 实际上更本质的—— 甚至在思维方式上都(跟英文)有很大的不同。
Now, how might that be? Let me give you an example. Suppose I were talking with you and I was introducing you to my uncle. You understood exactly what I just said in English. If we were speaking Mandarin Chinese with each other, though, I wouldn't have that luxury. I wouldn't have been able to convey so little information. What my language would have forced me to do, instead of just telling you, "This is my uncle," is to tell you a tremendous amount of additional information. My language would force me to tell you whether or not this was an uncle on my mother's side or my father's side, whether this was an uncle by marriage or by birth, and if this man was my father's brother, whether he was older than or younger than my father. All of this information is obligatory. Chinese doesn't let me ignore it. And in fact, if I want to speak correctly, Chinese forces me to constantly think about it.
怎么解释呢,我举个例子。 假设你我在聊天,提到了我的叔叔(uncle)。 你完全理解这个英文的意思。 但是如果我们用普通话聊天, 我就头疼了。 这里面传递的信息如此之多。 我无法用中文告诉你 这是我的“叔叔”, 而是会附加上更多的(家庭关系)信息。 如果用中文,我就要一并告诉你 这个人是我爸爸这边的还是妈妈这边的 是婚姻关系还是血缘关系; 如果是我爸爸的兄弟, 年纪比我爸爸大还是比我爸爸小。 这些都是必须的,中文无法省略这些信息。 事实上,如果要我不弄错的话 我就要不断的去想这之间的关系。
Now, that fascinated me endlessly as a child, but what fascinates me even more today as an economist is that some of these same differences carry through to how languages speak about time. So for example, if I'm speaking in English, I have to speak grammatically differently if I'm talking about past rain, "It rained yesterday," current rain, "It is raining now," or future rain, "It will rain tomorrow." Notice that English requires a lot more information with respect to the timing of events. Why? Because I have to consider that and I have to modify what I'm saying to say, "It will rain," or "It's going to rain." It's sim* not permissible in English to say, "It rain tomorrow."
这是小时候让我很好奇的事情, 而现在我作为一个经济学家更加好奇的是 不同的语言在如何表示时间上的差异。 例如,在英语中需要用明确的语法变化来表示不同的时态, 如果我说过去下过雨:“It rained yesterday” 正在下雨:“It is raining now” 将要下雨:It will rain tomorrow.” 注意英语中需要很多的元素来表示事件发生的时间。 因为我需要根据我要说的事件的时间 来调整自己要说的话,“It will rain”或“It's going to rain.” 英语语法禁止你说成“It rain tomorrow”。
In contrast to that, that's almost exactly what you would say in Chinese. A Chinese speaker can basically say something that sounds very strange to an English speaker's ears. They can say, "Yesterday it rain," "Now it rain," "Tomorrow it rain." In some deep sense, Chinese doesn't divide up the time spectrum in the same way that English forces us to constantly do in order to speak correctly.
中文的表达方式跟英文恰恰相反。 一个说中文的人说出来的话 会让一个说英文的人听起来怪怪的。 他们会说,“昨天下雨”、“现在下雨”、“明天下雨”。 从更深的角度来看,中文并没有将时间进行严格的分割, 而英文则将此作为语言正确与否的准则之一。
Is this difference in languages only between very, very distantly related languages, like English and Chinese? Actually, no. So many of you know, in this room, that English is a Germanic language. What you may not have realized is that English is actually an outlier. It is the only Germanic language that requires this. For example, most other Germanic language speakers feel completely comfortable talking about rain tomorrow by saying, "Morgen regnet es," quite literally to an English ear, "It rain tomorrow."
这种差异是不是 只有在中文和英文差异这么大的语言之间才会有? 实际上,不是。 你们当中的很多人都知道英语属于日尔曼语系。 你们可能没有意识到英语算是这个语系的一个异类。 英语是日尔曼语系中唯一需要这些的。 例如,说日尔曼语系的人 会很自然的用以下的话表达 明天下雨:“Morgen regnet es” 说英语的人听了就类似“It rain tomorrow.”
This led me, as a behavioral economist, to an intriguing hypothesis. Could how you speak about time, could how your language forces you to think about time, affect your propensity to behave across time? You speak English, a futured language. And what that means is that every time you discuss the future, or any kind of a future event, grammatically you're forced to cleave that from the present and treat it as if it's something viscerally different. Now suppose that that visceral difference makes you subtly dissociate the future from the present every time you speak. If that's true and it makes the future feel like something more distant and more different from the present, that's going to make it harder to save. If, on the other hand, you speak a futureless language, the present and the future, you speak about them identically. If that subtly nudges you to feel about them identically, that's going to make it easier to save.
这让我,作为一个行为经济学家,想到一个有趣的假设。 你描述时间的方式,你的语言迫使你思考时间的方式, 是否会影响到你对不同时间段的偏好? 你们说的是英语,区分将来时态的。 这意味着每次你谈论到未来的时间 或者未来要发生的事情时, 你需要在语法层面将未来和现在分来, 就像是两者之间有本质不同一样。 现在假设这种语言上的差别 让你每次说话的时候都意识到当下和未来细微差别。 如果这个假设成立, 会导致“未来”看起来跟“现在”更加遥远一些, 要你存钱就会困难一些。 另一方面,如果你的语言没有区分将来时态, 你说现在和未来的句式是一样的。 这点细微的差别会让你觉得他们是一样的, 会让你更倾向于存钱。
Now this is a fanciful theory. I'm a professor, I get paid to have fanciful theories. But how would you actually go about testing such a theory? Well, what I did with that was to access the linguistics literature. And interestingly enough, there are pockets of futureless language speakers situated all over the world. This is a pocket of futureless language speakers in Northern Europe. Interestingly enough, when you start to crank the data, these pockets of futureless language speakers all around the world turn out to be, by and large, some of the world's best savers.
现在我有了一套奇特的理论。 我是教授,教授就是生产奇思怪想的。 但是你怎么检验这样一套理论呢? 我阅读了大量的语言学文献作为调研。 有意思的是,没有将来时态的语言 全球各地都有。 欧洲北部也有一些语言没有将来时态。 有意思的是,当你开始收集数据时, 你就会发现这些说没有将来时态的语言的国家, 很大程度上,恰恰是最喜欢储蓄的国家。
Just to give you a hint of that, let's look back at that OECD graph that we were talking about. What you see is that these bars are systematically taller and systematically shifted to the left compared to these bars which are the members of the OECD that speak futured languages. What is the average difference here? Five percentage points of your GDP saved per year. Over 25 years that has huge long-run effects on the wealth of your nation.
为了给你们一点提示, 请看看刚才提到的.OECD储蓄比例图。 你看到相比那些语言中 区别将来时态的国家, 没有区分时态的国家的储蓄率更高并且总体上更靠左边。 *均的差值有多大? 约占各国每年GDP的5%。 这种差别持续了25年,对国家总体财富有着长远的影响。
Now while these findings are suggestive, countries can be different in so many different ways that it's very, very difficult sometimes to account for all of these possible differences. What I'm going to show you, though, is something that I've been engaging in for a year, which is trying to gather all of the largest datasets that we have access to as economists, and I'm going to try and strip away all of those possible differences, hoping to get this relationship to break. And just in summary, no matter how far I push this, I can't get it to break. Let me show you how far you can do that.
现在虽然这些发现能说明问题, 但是比较的国家之间在很多很多方面都有差异, 有时候很难将这些差异归结为某个原因。 我将想你们展示,我过去一年收集到的, 作为经济学家能够得到的 所有的大数据集, 并且我正在尝试将国家之间可能的差异性消除 希望可以为(我理论提到的)这段关系提供证据。 总体而言,无论我目前如何尝试,我都无法将这种关联消除。 让我告诉你们,你们能做到什么程度。
One way to imagine that is I gather large datasets from around the world. So for example, there is the Survey of Health, [Aging] and Retirement in Europe. From this dataset you actually learn that retired European families are extremely patient with survey takers. (Laughter) So imagine that you're a retired household in Belgium and someone comes to your front door. "Excuse me, would you mind if I peruse your stock portfolio? Do you happen to know how much your house is worth? Do you mind telling me? Would you happen to have a hallway that's more than 10 meters long? If you do, would you mind if I timed how long it took you to walk down that hallway? Would you mind squeezing as hard as you can, in your dominant hand, this device so I can measure your grip strength? How about blowing into this tube so I can measure your lung capacity?" The survey takes over a day. (Laughter) Combine that with a Demographic and Health Survey collected by USAID in developing countries in Africa, for example, which that survey actually can go so far as to directly measure the HIV status of families living in, for example, rural Nigeria. Combine that with a world value survey, which measures the political opinions and, fortunately for me, the savings behaviors of millions of families in hundreds of countries around the world.
一种可能的验证方式就是收集了全球范围的(经济)数据信息。 例如,欧洲的健康、老龄化及退休情况统计。 通过这个数据采集工作你会发现欧洲退休老人 对于调查人员是极度有耐心的。 (笑) 想象一下你是一个比利时的退休老人,有一天有人跑来敲你家的门。 “打扰了,你能跟我说下你的股票投资情况么? 你知道自己的房子值多少钱么?方便告诉我么? 你的走廊有10米这么长么? 如果有,你能走一次让我看看需要多长时间么? 你能否用你的惯用手,用力握这个设备, 让我测试一下你的握力? 你能否吹一下这个管子,让我测量一下你的肺活量? 一天过去了。 (笑) 将这些数据与USAID(美国国际开发署) 在非洲发展*家的人口健康统计数据结合 USAID的数据很详细,例如,尼日利亚农村家庭中 HIV感染情况等一手信息。 将这些数据与世界价值调查(value survey)结合, 后者统计政治观点和,很幸运的, 全世界上百个国家上亿家庭的存储行为信息。
Take all of that data, combine it, and this map is what you get. What you find is nine countries around the world that have significant native populations which speak both futureless and futured languages. And what I'm going to do is form statistical matched pairs between families that are nearly identical on every dimension that I can measure, and then I'm going to explore whether or not the link between language and savings holds even after controlling for all of these levels.
获得所有这些数据,综合起来,你就得到这样的一张图。 你会发现全球范围内有九个国家 其国民中有相当多的人使用 没有区分将来时态和区分将来时态的语言。 我接下来要做的就是通过统计匹配的方式 找到各个方面都*似相同的家庭, 然后去看看在控制了这些变量之后 语言和储蓄之间是否还存在着联系。
What are the characteristics we can control for? Well I'm going to match families on country of birth and residence, the demographics -- what sex, their age -- their income level within their own country, their educational achievement, a lot about their family structure. It turns out there are six different ways to be married in Europe. And most granularly, I break them down by religion where there are 72 categories of religions in the world -- so an extreme level of granularity. There are 1.4 billion different ways that a family can find itself.
我们能够控制那些特征? 我考虑的匹配包括出生地和居住地, 人口信息——性别、年龄—— 相对居住国的收入水*, 受教育程度,以及家庭成员结构。 我发现在欧洲就有六种不同的婚姻组合方式。 最精细的分类方法是按照宗教信仰进行分类—— 将全球分成了72个不同的宗教团体—— 非常精细的分类了。 14亿家庭每个家庭都有独特性。
Now effectively everything I'm going to tell you from now on is only comparing these basically nearly identical families. It's getting as close as possible to the thought experiment of finding two families both of whom live in Brussels who are identical on every single one of these dimensions, but one of whom speaks Flemish and one of whom speaks French; or two families that live in a rural district in Nigeria, one of whom speaks Hausa and one of whom speaks Igbo.
现在我要说的比较,都是在这些 各个方面*似一致的家庭之间进行的。 让我们假设这个实验找到了 布鲁塞尔的两个家庭, 在别的每个方面都很相似, 但是一个家庭说佛兰芒语(Flemish)另一个家庭说法语; 或是两个住在尼日利亚农村的家庭, 一个说豪萨语(Hausa)另一户说伊博语(Igbo)。
Now even after all of this granular level of control, do futureless language speakers seem to save more? Yes, futureless language speakers, even after this level of control, are 30 percent more likely to report having saved in any given year. Does this have cumulative effects? Yes, by the time they retire, futureless language speakers, holding constant their income, are going to retire with 25 percent more in savings.
现在在这么精细的控制水*下, 语言的时态特点是否还会影响到储蓄*惯? 是的,语言中没有区分将来时态的人, 在任何给定年份中储蓄的比例都要高30%。 这种差异是否有累积效应? 是的,当他们退休的时候,语言中没有区分将来时态的人, 在收入稳定不变的情况下,要多25%的储蓄。
Can we push this data even further? Yes, because I just told you, we actually collect a lot of health data as economists. Now how can we think about health behaviors to think about savings? Well, think about smoking, for example. Smoking is in some deep sense negative savings. If savings is current pain in exchange for future pleasure, smoking is just the opposite. It's current pleasure in exchange for future pain. What we should expect then is the opposite effect. And that's exactly what we find. Futureless language speakers are 20 to 24 percent less likely to be smoking at any given point in time compared to identical families, and they're going to be 13 to 17 percent less likely to be obese by the time they retire, and they're going to report being 21 percent more likely to have used a condom in their last sexual encounter. I could go on and on with the list of differences that you can find. It's almost impossible not to find a savings behavior for which this strong effect isn't present.
我们能够得到更多的结论么? 正如我告诉你的,我们出于经济研究目的收集了很多的医疗健康数据。 我们能将健康相关的行为比作储蓄行为么? 例如,吸烟这个事情, 吸烟可以看作反向的储蓄。 如果储蓄是增加当下的痛苦增加未来的快感, 那么吸烟的效果正好相反。 吸烟用未来的痛苦换取当下的快感。 我们假设吸烟跟语言时态的关系应该跟储蓄的关系相反。 我们的统计支持了我们的推断。 语言没有区分将来时态的家庭成员相比而言 在任何时间段中吸烟的可能性相比都要少20%到24%, 在他们退休的时候超重的可能性 相比少13%到17%, 在最后一次性行为中 使用安全套的概率要高21%。 我可以这么一直不停地列举下去。 很难找到语言时态特征对于储蓄行为 没有影响的实例。
My linguistics and economics colleagues at Yale and I are just starting to do this work and really explore and understand the ways that these subtle nudges cause us to think more or less about the future every single time we speak. Ultimately, the goal, once we understand how these subtle effects can change our decision making, we want to be able to provide people tools so that they can consciously make themselves better savers and more conscious investors in their own future.
我和在耶鲁的的语言学同事和经济学同事刚刚开始这项研究, 探索和理解每次我们说话的时候 (语言)对于我们的未来的轻微的影响。 最终的目标是, 一旦我们理解了这些微妙的效果是如何影响到我们的决策的, 我们希望可以为人们提供 更好的工具,让他们在未来 理性的存钱,理性的投资。
Thank you very much.
非常感谢。
(Applause)
(掌声)
拓展阅读:TED演讲十个黄金法则
ppt的演讲技巧
都说制作PPT很难,对,制作一个精致的PPT确实很难,但是演讲一个PPT更难。因为你制作好的精美PPT总是要进行演讲的,那么如何能够更好地展示你的PPT。这就考研你的演讲技巧了。下面是小编整理的ppt演讲技巧,希望对您有所帮助。
一、使用遥控翻页器
有些演讲者无法离开电脑,主要原因是需要不断的切换PPT,有个很好的解决办法——实用遥控翻页器或者无线鼠标。如果经常做PPT演讲,比如老师或者公司白领,建议购买一个质量比较好的遥控器。质量不好的遥控器,很容易造成按一次翻两页或者反应不灵敏等问题,从而导致演讲中的尴尬。
一个质量好点的PPT遥控器不需要太多人民币,大概30元吧。
二、离开讲台
有些场合是必须站在讲台上的,比如乔布斯在斯坦福大学毕业典礼上的演讲。但是如果没有特殊规定,尽量能离开讲台就离开讲台,因为讲台阻隔了演讲者和听众之间的交流。
三、谨慎使用激光笔
很多遥控器上面附带一个镭射笔(即激光笔),在使用激光笔的时候要注意两点:
1、不能乱晃,容易把观众晃晕。需要强调的地方,点到为止或者画个小圆圈即可。
2、不能指向观众,激光笔对眼睛有害,一定要注意。
四、保持目光接触
使用了PPT之后,演讲者会养成一个*惯——看着PPT上的文字进行讲解,尤其有些人喜欢把PPT当做提词器的时候,上面写了好多字,不看不行。
观众是来听你讲的,不是来看你念PPT的(我想起了多数的大学老师……囧),所以你要和观众保持目光接触,可以适当的看一下屏幕,当时更多的的时候样该面向观众。
五、使用“演讲者视图”
如果实在需要PPT来提词,可以尝试一下“演讲者视图”功能,把要说的话写在备注里面,投影的时候切换到此模式,观众看到的只是PPT,你看到的是PPT以及PPT备注里面详细的内容。
尽管有文字提示,建议提前多熟悉一下演讲内容,还是不要照念好一些。
六、不要让你的身体遮住PPT
事先安排好投影仪的位置,如果投影仪在中间,不妨站在屏幕的两侧,尤其不要让投影仪的光打在自己身上,挡住画面。
如果场地比较宽阔,把投影仪放在身后也是个好方法。
七、不要往回翻PPT
安排好的PPT播放顺序,要按次序播放,不要讲着讲着就回翻页面,会把观众弄晕的。
如果应观众的要求,要看之前的页面,则可在幻灯片播放状态下通过鼠标右键单击鼠标定位幻灯片来查找。
八、通过B/W键实现黑屏、白屏
我相信大多数人都不知道PPT还有这个功能。
如果演讲当中需要讨论一些问题,暂时不需要投影,有两个好办法:
1、可以事先插入空白幻灯片。
2、可以在演示的时候按下键盘上的B/W键,B键切换到黑屏,W键切换到白屏。再按任意键可以回到正常播放。
九、 PPT要和演讲的内容一致
PPT要和演讲内容一致,这一点很重要。PPT在演讲中起到的是视觉辅助的作用,若讲的.内容和PPT投影不一样,很容易给观众造成困扰。
如果有些内容过长,并且没有准备视觉辅助,不妨暂时关掉画面(B/W键),让观众集中尽力听你讲。
十、逐条显示内容
如果在一个页面上的显示的要点很多,比如5~7条,并且每一条都需要讲解的话,最好能一条一条的显示,避免相互之间造成影响,也能保证观众集中精力听你讲,而不是走神去看其他要点,避免你在讲第一条而观众在看第二条的情况。
十一、保存文档格式为PPS
保存为PPS格式要比PPT好。通常大家使用PPT都是保存成演示文稿的模式,而要做现场演讲,PPS有更好的表现效果。因为你不需要当着大家的面打开文件,双击就可以直接播放了。
拓展知识:PPT演讲实用小技巧
①幻灯片数量不要过多
一个ppt一般最好不要超过10张幻灯片,演讲时间也不要太过于长,字体也要尽量的大。不管你的想法有多少,你需要的是把自己的想法通过简洁又精辟的方法进行展示在观众面前,毕竟时间有限,需要用较少的幻灯片和精炼的语言更好的将精华传达给对方,太过繁琐的讲解反而会令人反感无味。
②放慢速度并且和观众有眼神交流
在演讲的过程中要放慢演讲的速度,不要语气过快,在演讲过程中像打机关枪一样的说个不停。反而可以通过放慢速度,偶尔停顿来达到强调一个重点的效果。并且要和下面的观众有个眼神的交流,这里所指的并不是只一昧的盯着一个人,而是与所有的观众来一个不经意掠过的眼神交流。毕竟要是只盯着一个人,会让那个人非常的不舒服。
③不要一昧读幻灯片内容
很多人都有一个惯性做法,就是在演讲的过程中会把幻灯片上出现的内容文字都读一遍。但是事实上,常常回头看屏幕来读幻灯片,这样会很容易打断你的演讲思路,也会浪费演讲的时间,并且也会让观众明明可以看屏幕就理解的,还要再听着你讲一遍。所以在演讲之前要提前演练并熟悉幻灯片的内容,提前在大脑构思演讲的思路过程。
④有趣演讲
演讲要讲求寓教于乐,能够让人在你的演讲中感受到你的激情,而不是听着你枯燥乏味的背诵。如果在演讲过程时长不短时,需要加入一些身边发生的有趣小故事或者新闻段子来起到活跃气氛的作用,通过这样来串联整个演讲,来达到帮助阐述观点的效果。这样才不会让观众听着心累。
⑤以观众角度出发
可以以听众的立场来撰写演讲稿和思考的问题。设想哪些问题是对于听众来说是简单的,可以让听众容易理解,或是哪些内容又让听众感到繁琐。总之要记得,要从对于听众来说,为什么要去听这个演讲,这个演讲对于他们有什么样的意义来思考。
我的203目眼镜狗800字2035就是15年以后。
2035们伟大的中国走上康生活了。
那时的我,已经是举世闻名的高级管理人员。
2035年1月的某一天,电脑的铃声把我从睡梦中吵醒,我揉着惺忪的睡眼,看了一下多功能墙壁,墙壁上显示出5:30,我一下就坐了起来。
梳洗完毕,便一边喝着咖啡,吃着面包,一边整理起昨天夜里没改完的文件。
不知不觉,已是早上7点钟了。
墙壁上的提示板提醒我”新闻发布会”8点准时开始。
我忙拿起文件包和手提电脑,乘坐着特快直升机赶到黄土高原开会。
我一到,立即整理出一份发言提纲,各个媒体见到我了,立即围绕我在黄土高原建立的集团公司,不断提出问题,我一一做出了回答。
会议正式开始,我做了简短的演讲并宣读了我们公司盈利报告。
在座的各个集团老总和媒体听到我们一年可得到天文数字的盈利,都对我的经营管理能力感到吃惊。
20年前,黄土高原水土流失严重,可现在,经过我们集团的开发治理,黄 土高原已成为中国农业科技示范区了 散会后,我独自走在热闹、繁华的大街上。
回想起过去,再看看现在,我心里甭提有多高兴了。
在8年前,出门最上人头疼的是塞车,开车还没有走路快已经成了城市交通的一大难题,可现在(2020年),人们再也不用为塞车发愁了。
那时侯,生产的汽车全都是水陆空三用的便携式“汽车船”不用汽油了,只靠大气压力行驶,所以大人们,司机都无需担心车的尾气污染,也不必总想着费油、加油了。
这种“汽车船”它太方便了。
怎么样,羡慕吧
这就是2035年,小康生活的我
“未来”这个存在着无限幻想的词汇
对于未来,我们有太多的幻想空间,我们永远不知道未来会发生什么
但至少我们可以去幻想,去幻想美好的未来。
或许未来不是你所幻想的那样,但至少你的幻想可以当做一个美丽的梦
在这个梦中,你随心所欲,做一切你想做的事,做一个你认为最完美的你
“未来”是一个值得关注的焦点,值得我们去关注的*
“未来”——充满着无限美好
或许现在的卧室一个懒散、不爱学*、又不听父母话的孩子。
那么我将幻想未来的我是一个勤劳、刻苦学*、又乖巧的女儿;或许现在的我是一个懦弱、动不动就流泪的、非常胆小的女孩,那么我将幻想未来的我是一个坚强、勇敢、不再流泪的女强人;或许现在的我是一个任人欺负的小绵羊,那么我将幻想未来的我是一个武林高手,让那些人听到我的名字就不寒而栗。
“未来”——充满着无限向往
我幻想我的未来每天都是晴空万里,天边永远挂着想棒棒糖一样美丽七彩的彩虹;在我工作的地方充满着笑声,一直传到很远很远的地方;当我到学校回想往事的时候,可以听见朗朗的读书声;当我回到故乡的时候扑鼻而来的是花的香气、大地的香气、小草的香气;看到了花的娇艳、大地的坚实,小草的顽强;更重要的是孩子们的欢声笑语
“未来”——充满着无限的成功与失败
当一个人诞生的时候就注定要经历磨难,经受痛苦,因为痛苦是人活在世上的必修课程
但也要接受成功的喜悦和感激的泪水。
或许今天你想做的那件事你失败了,但“失败乃成功之母”,可能在未来的那一天你要做的事就完成了。
有一首歌唱到“不经历风雨,怎能见彩虹。
”只有经过了刻苦的努力,才能在未来的某一天看到你勤劳的成果
每一个孩子都有幻想和梦想的权利
这些幻想、梦想都需要我们在“未来”去一一实现。
有人说未来是一个不知道的时空;有人说对未来的的幻想都是空话。
可我却认为只要现在打下坚实的基础,确立一个明确的目标,永远为这个目标二努力、发奋学*。
那么未来就不是一个不知道的时空,也不会有人说对未来的幻想都是空话了
让我们为未来的那个目标而努力吧
首先说3至5分钟的演讲稿一般是1500至2000字1、爱国的 国魂下的赤诚 朋友,你能告诉我,祖国是什么吗
1.您的爱,太阳一般温暖,春风一般和煦,清泉一般甘甜。您的爱,比父爱更严峻,比母爱更细腻,比友爱更纯洁。您--老师的爱,天下最伟大,最高洁。
2.春蚕到死丝方尽,蜡炬成灰泪始干。作者:李商隐 ——赞美老师的诗句
3.“对坐轩窗读书乐,怎忍花前不醉归”,色校园里,大树见证在我们的成长,绿色的校园里,小草给予我们前进的希望,绿色校园里,我们用汗水把来时的路浇灌,绿色的校园里,我们带着为建设更加美丽,更加可爱的绿色校园,走向明天那未知的辉煌,那时我们会笑着看大树欣慰的眼神,看小草会心的微笑,试想,当校园用它那充满希望的绿色辞旧迎新时,会是一种怎样的明媚风景。
4.人生旅程上,您领导有方,带领我们积极展开工作丰富我的心灵,开发我的智力,为我点燃了希望的光芒。
5.一夜之间,校园银装素裹,玉树琼枝,好一派美丽的雪景。
6.我们的校长是一位作风正派的老教育家。
7.您是园丁,为祖国山川添秀色;您如春雨,润育桃李,神州大地尽芳菲。在这喜庆的节曰里,让我献上一支心灵的鲜花,向您表达衷心的祝愿。
8.三尺讲台,三寸舌,三寸笔,三千桃李。
9.老校长把毕生的智慧和精力无私地献给了教育事业。
10.敬爱的老师,您的谆谆教诲如春风,似瑞雨,永铭我心。我虔诚地祝福您:康乐如意!
11.校园,我的书籍城堡是你,让我懂得了"好"与"坏"!我的生命中不能没有你你,是我的力量之源。
12.教师是人类灵魂的工程师。——*
13.对于您教诲的苦心,我无比感激,并将铭记于心!
14.春天,校园里的樟树开始换叶子了,虽然许多树都会在秋天换叶,但是香樟树可不同呢!随着春姑娘的脚步,樟树的叶子慢慢地变红,你可别以为叶子会掉光。
15.没有您的领导有方,哪有我收获的今天。十二万分地感谢您,敬爱的领导。
16.老师,是美的耕耘者,美的播种者。是您用美的阳光普照,用美的雨露滋润,我们的心田才绿草如茵,繁花似锦。
17.老师,人说您在培育祖国的栋梁,不如说您就是祖国的栋梁,正是您,支撑起我们一代人的脊梁。
18.您的工作在今朝,却建设着祖国的明天;您的教学在课堂,成就却是在祖国的四面八方。
19.不知为什么,从见到你的第一眼起,我便想起了月亮,让我困惑,也让我为之颠狂,或许是你温婉如月的气质,或许仅仅是因为月亮本就是我的守护神,一生为之痴迷的月亮情结。
20.张校长一手抓思想,一手抓教学,双管齐下,把学校的工作搞得有声有色。
21.老师就像蜡烛,燃烧自己,照亮别人。
22.为了提高同学们的成绩,校长三顾茅庐去请特级教师来给我们上课。
23.看见你时,你正伫立于夕阳之下,打着一把火红的阳伞,如一朵盛开的木棉。
24.如果谁能在你的手下工作,天天得到这么多鼓励和赞美,流再多的汗也无怨无悔。
25.您的岗位永不调换,您的足迹却遍布四方;您的两鬓会有一天斑白,您的青春却百年不衰。
26.想我们最初的邂逅,我发现了一个身影格外恬静,在遗落真诚的时候,看到了一双清澈的眼睛。
27.春蚕一生没说过自诩的话,那吐出的银丝就是丈量生命价值的尺子。敬爱的老师,您从未在别人面前炫耀过,但那盛开的桃李,就是对您最高的评价。
28.假如我是诗人,我将以满腔的(优文网 WwwuCom热情写下诗篇,赞美大海的辽阔和深远。并把它献给您 我的胸怀博大,知识精深的老师。
29.谢谢您,领导!对于您教诲的苦心,我无比感激,并将铭记于心!踏遍心田的每一角,踩透心灵的每一寸,满是对您的敬意。没有您的慷慨奉献,哪有我收获的今天。
30.你和我的心像一朵雪白的并蒂莲,在爱的青梗上秀挺欢欣鲜艳。你是一股清凉的泉水流入我的心田,泉水化成了美酒,令我陶醉在幸福的中间。
1.爱默生教授应邀到某天体营发表演讲,车到营门前时,看见门上挂着一块牌子“请入乡随俗,以免尴尬”。于是停下车来,脱得寸丝不挂。不料,等他进了营地,却发现列队夹道欢迎他的营员们为了表示对他的尊敬,每个人都穿着齐整。
2.文铺锦绣字吐珠玑篇篇俱是云烟满句句皆取锦绣裁
3.她是滋润我们祖国的花朵,她的招标投标园丁饲料我们成长,传授知识和中等身材。她有一条棕色卷曲的白色的框架,高高的鼻梁上架了一副眼镜,一双明亮的眼睛和组成。和一个嘴巴和一双巧合的敏感的耳朵。她随和的人,在课堂上非常认真。演讲后,她常常把生活上的问题或一些例子来剖析历史故事,让我们学*知识,听故事时,我不能。
4.*在西点军校的最后演讲:在记忆中的黄昏,我时常回到西点,想起我魂牵梦萦的校训:责任—荣誉—国家。我今天淡出人生淡出世界的前夕,我最后一次和你们一起接受我们西点军校的点名……永别了!我的同学们!
5.如果整个世界都抛弃了你,至少还有母亲不会放弃你。还记得儿时母亲的怀抱就是我最美的天堂。 孩子他们是落入凡间的精灵,那笑是可以让人忘记烦恼的! 噢妈妈,烛光里的妈妈,您的黑发泛起了霜花,您的脸颊印着这多牵挂。您的腰身倦得不再挺拔,您的眼睛为何失去了光华,妈妈呀,女儿已长大,不愿意牵着您
6.出门问路,需要勇气;去陌生的地方打拼,需要勇气;第一次登台演讲,需要勇气;对心爱的人说那三个字,需要勇气;挑战极限,实现自我,需要勇气;诸多的第一次,需要勇气;面对强敌,我们更需要勇气。
7.你就在这种信念下,开始了所谓消灭堕落的杀戮。其实从第一次*开始,你就知道自己走上了一条不归路。但是肉体抗拒不过精神的控制。你设想过自己各种各样的失败的结局,每一种结局虽然不同,但是在结局里你都能坦然*静。你甚至希望自己早一天败露,早一天接受审判。你设想过自己在审判的法庭上会是什么样子。你设想了很多自己要说的话,你很想在法庭上演讲。因为这个演讲的内容,你觉得它很有力量。出处:沉默的证人
8.这次演讲,充分显露了他出众的口才。
9.在班里演讲我还算比较优秀,所以老师让我参加学校的大演讲,这让我的心里好紧张好紧张,因为*时在班里和老师同学都很熟了,也就不会害怕,可在全校老师和同学那么多的注视下演讲,不紧张才怪呢!
10.已听到春天的脚步声了*了这一切都演讲着春天的来整个心都飘了进来飘到那鲜艳的花儿上飘到那油绿的草地上
11.他演讲时,博徵古今,真是才高八斗。
12.您的稿子囊括了重点简洁而不轻浮清爽但不是优雅文风高雅讲演行云流水虽不为大家所作犹可承大家之风范
13.夏天的夜色很美,清爽的晚风哼着小曲来到了我们身边,给我们送来了一丝丝凉意。夜空中,星星眨着眼睛,静静地听着月亮姐姐讲故事。这动听的故事,激发了星星们的想象,星星们都在窃窃私语地讨论着,难道是在讨论演讲稿,到哪里发表演讲吗?周围一片宁静,只有晚风在低低地吟唱,月光洒向永不停息的小河,洒向盛开在夜晚的流星花,仿佛一切都活了。萤火虫提着小灯笼,殷勤地照看着花儿草儿,让他们快快长大开花。
14.诚信像土,一亩心灵之土,为无数幼苗提供营养,使它们开出美丽的鲜花。诚信像水,万物生长的生命之水,滋润着小树,舒枝展叶,天天向上……那么什么是诚信?顾名思义,诚实守信。大家坐在这里听我演讲,是诚信;商家合法经营,是诚信;人们之间相互*等交往,是诚信。
15.自觉培养两种*惯:一是看好书,二是听演讲。始终把握两个原则:一是微观上问心无愧,二是宏观上遵纪守法。争取两个极致:一把潜能发挥到最大,二把生命延续到极致。人生要做两件事:一是感恩, 二是结缘。人生要迈两道坎:一是情,二是钱。成熟的标志不是会说大道理,而是开始去理解身边的小事情。
16.演讲论:像表演一样讲话的艺术。
17.用生命演讲是指以透支生命为代价进行演讲。
18.我是谁?我是一个目标教练!如果没有一个快乐的计划,那么痛苦便将趁虚而入!因此在健康财务家庭成就贡献旅游人脉学*上都必须设定明确的目标!因为明确就是力量!每天一早,我会复*人生最重要的目标,并且在脑中看到画面,也在演讲中分享过去所达成的目标,以及接下来即将达成的目标。
19.今天到北大演讲心里特别激动。我一直把北大的学子当做我的偶像,一直考却考不进,所以我想如果有一天我一定要到北大当老师。马云
20.现在我们将其在会议演讲文稿及通过各种渠道了解到的发展动态综述出来,答谢读者多年来对我刊的支持与厚爱,同时衷心祝贺我国的软件与集成电路产业在新世纪蒸蒸日上。
21.当年我上住宿班的时候老俞还不象现在这么忙。上山给每期学员作一次动员演讲。那时老俞在我们心中就是神啊。一天听说晚上老俞来作演讲。于是都早早跑到演讲处集合。老俞吃过饭来了,拿起话筒,什么都没说呢,就是一个响亮的饱嗝。要多不合时宜有多不合时宜。我们当时听了都傻了,互相看了看,脸上都洋溢着痴呆幸福的光芒说∶多么*易*人的饱嗝啊!作者:老罗
22.数英雄(风流)人物都有口才,都善沟通,都会演讲。
23.他最擅长用外国话演讲,响亮流利的美国话像天上心里转滚的雷,擦了油,打上蜡。一滑就是半个上空。
24.这持续*四个小时的演讲,是一首动人心魄的交响乐。
25.还有一次,沈老师又走火入魔了,现场给我们来了一个模仿秀,模仿一部电影里的一段振奋士气的英语演讲,我们都吓了一跳,那声音,分贝都不止啊!铿锵有力。然后又来了一段女声和男声的对讲,同学们都惊得下巴都掉到了地上。
26.男子无口才,就是表示有道德,所以哑巴是天下最诚朴的人。也许上够了演讲和宣传的当,现代人矫枉过正,以为只有不说话的人开口准说真话,害得新官上任,训话时个个都说:“为政不在多言。” 钱钟书 围城
27.魅力是演讲大师潇洒的手势,是蒙娜丽莎迷人的微笑;魅力是迈克尔?乔丹的临空灌篮,是巴蒂斯图塔的飞脚抽射;魅力是白石老人的虾,是悲鸿先生的马……
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