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定语从句翻译句子练*
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。下面小编为大家分享定语从句翻译句子练*,欢迎大家参考借鉴。
定语从句:当修饰名词的成分是一个句子,此句叫定语从句。
翻译下列句子:
1. 这是我昨天买的自行车. .
2. 他是我昨天遇见的男孩.
3. 你昨天给我买的书很有趣.
4. 这是我想要的钢笔.
5. 那是他正在照顾的小孩.
6. 正站在柜台后的女士是我妈妈.
7. 在桌子上的书是我的.
8. 这是我们买玩具的商店.
9. 这是帮助过我的男人.
10. 他是买这本书的男士.
将下列句子合二为一:
1. She is the girl. I served her yesterday.
2. This is the dress. She bought it last Monday.
3. She is in the woman. She looked for his son.
4. They are the man. They are working for the boss.
5. This is the com*r. The com*r cost me 5000 Yuan.
6. This is the house. I visited it last month.
7. He is the man. I spoke to you about him.
8. She is the student. I told you about her.
9. This is the ship. I traveled on it last year.
10. They are the people. They played in the garden.
单项选择 定语从句的用法
1.This is the bag _____ my mother bought yesterday.
A. that B. who C. whom D. this
2. The man _____ lives next to us is my English teacher.
A. who B. which C. who D. /
6. The only language _____ is easy to learn is the mother tongue.
A. which B. that C. / D. it
7. The girl handed everything _____ she had picked up in the street to the police.
A. which B. in which C. that D. all
8. _____ cleans the blackboard should be praised.
A. That B. Who C. The one who D. The students who
9. Please show me the book _____ you bought yesterday.
A. which B. whom C. whose D. this
10. This is the best book _ I have been looking for all this year.
A. who B. whom C. which D. /
11. This is the only article of these that _____ written by him.
A. was B. were C. is D. are
12. The man _____ was here just now is a doctor.
A. whom B. who C. / D. he
13. The boy _____ has two lovely dogs.
A. who live next door B. which lives next door
C. whom lives next door D. that lives next door
14. Those _____ made no mistakes in today’s exercises please raise your hands.
A. which B. whom C. that D. who
15. Don’t go in, this is the shop _____ we have just been _____.
A. /, to B. that, / C. where, to D. which, there
定语后置与定语从句
定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。 主要有形容词、名词,此外还有代词、数词、介词短语、动词不定式(短语)、分词、定语从句等相当于形容词的词、短语或句子都可以作定语。以下是小编为您搜集整理提供到的定语后置与定语从句内容,希望对您有所帮助!
定语后置与定语从句
一.介词短语作后置定语,如the bird in the tree(树上的小鸟),the standard of living(生活水*),the way to the hotel(去旅馆的路),the life in the future(未来的生活)。
二.不定式短语作后置定语,用来修饰限定其前的名词或名词性短语。分为以下三类:
1. 在某些名词结构中可用动词不定式作后置定语。
I have a lot of homework to do.
He is the first to finish the task.
There are a lot of things to do.
2. 在某些抽象名词后可用动词不定式作后置定语,具体说明抽象名词的内容。常见名词有ability, anxiety, attempt, decision, chance, courage, right, determination, promise, ambition, effort, drive, eagerness, failure, inclination, intention, movement, need, opportunity, plan, reason, struggle, time, way, wish等。例句:
He has the ability to do the work.
I don’t have the courage to tell you the secret.
3. 动词不定式有时可替代一个定语从句,与其前修饰的名词是主动关系,在时态上含有将来的含义。例如:
Perhaps in the years to come(=that will come),we will meet again.
In the lectures to follow(=that will follow), she talked about her trip to China.
三、分词短语作后置定语。这时一般可以改写为定语从句,现在分词作后置定语与修饰的名词是主动关系,过去分词作后置定语与修饰的名词是被动关系。例如,
S1:There is a lady waiting for you.=There is a lady who waits for you.
S2:What is the language spoken in China?=What is the language which is spoken in China?
S1中,lady和wait之间是主动关系,S2中,language与spoken之间是被动关系。
我们在写作时,为了让句子结构更为高级,或是达到句式多样的目的,常用分词短语作后置定语来代替定语从句。如在2012年的`考研英语作文中,我们在描图表示两个人对同样的半瓶水表现出不同的态度时,可以说:As is shown in the picture, there is a contrast between two men facing the same problem with half a bottle of water. 在这个英语句子中,我们用现在分词短语作men的后置定语,相当于定语从句who face the same problem with half a bottle of water. 再如,在表达一个人眉头紧缩,因为水撒了发出叹息,可以说:The one frowning in anxiety is sighing because the water is spoilt out of the bottle。此句中,现在分词短语作one的后置定语,相当于从句who frowns in anxiety。用现在分词短语代替从句可以使句式更简短,句型也更为高级,更加丰富,同时也显示出考生深厚的语*底。
定语及定语从句
定语从句(也称关系从句、形容词性从句),是指一类由关系词(英语:relative word)引导的从句,因为这类从句的句*能多是做定语,以下是小编收集的定语及定语从句,仅供大家阅读参考!
一、定语:
定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的,是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语(动词不定式短语、动名词短语和分词短语)或句子,汉语中常用的表示。主要由形容词担任,此外,名词,代词,数词,分词,副词,不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任,也可以由一个句子来担任。单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前,作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后,作后置定语。
定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子,定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。
如:
1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman.
2) You must do everything that I do.
上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词,叫先行词,定语从句放在先行词的后面。
引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(宾格who, 所有格whose)和关系副词where, when、why
关系词常有三个作用:
1、引导定语从句
2、代替先行词
3、在定语从句中担当一个成分.
二、定语从句的有关概念
所谓定语从句,就是在复合句中起定语作用以修饰主句中的名词或代词的从句。学*定语从句,首先要弄清两个重要概念——先行词和关系词。
先行词是我们汉语中从来没有听过的一个新概念,它其实指的就是被定语从句所修饰的词。由于定语从句修饰名词或代词时,定语从句通常是后置的`,所以人们就将放在定语从句前被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
那什么是关系词呢?其实它就是用于引导定语从句的引导词。事实上,英语中的各类从句,不管性质如何,它们都需要有一个词来“引导”,正如人们给引导状语从句的词语取了个名字叫从属连词一样,人们也给引导定语从句的词语取了个名字,叫它关系词,因为它通常被放在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用,以表明两者之间的修饰关系,同时它还在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。
三、定语从句中关系词与所修饰先行词的关系
为了更好地理解定语从句,我们还有必要研究一下关系词与先行词之间的关系。但在研究这种关系之前,我们先来看看关系词有哪些。
根据关系词在定语从句中的作用,我们可以将关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种。所谓关系代词就是指起代词作用的关系词,它们在引导定语从句的同时,还在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、宾语等,英语中比较常用的关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose等。
类似地,关系副词就是指起副词作用的关系词,它们在引导定语从句的同时,还在定语从句中充当状语等,英语中比较常用的关系副词只有三个,即when, where和why。
许多初学定语从句的人弄不清关系词与先行词之间到底是什么关系。其实啊,关系词与先行词之间的关系很简单,简单得可以划一个等号。因为,关系词的含义在本质上等价于先行词,它与先行词指的就是同一个人或同一个事物。为便于理解,下面我们来看几个例子吧。
I know the man who lives next door. 我认识住在隔壁的那个人。
这是一个含有定语从句的复合句。句中的the man为先行词,who lives next door为修饰the man的定语从句;在定语从句中,who是关系词,它在定语从句中用作主语,从意义上说,它在此所表示的意思与先行词the man等价,换句话说,上面这个句子与下面这个句子等价:I know the man. He lives next door. 我认识这个人,它就住在隔壁。
She will never forget the day when she got married. 她永远不会忘记她结婚的这一天。
句中的the day为先行词,when she got married为修饰the day的定语从句;在定语从句中,when是关系词,它在定语从句中用作状语,从意义上说,它在此与“介词+先行词”所表示的意思等价,也就是说上面的句子与下面这个句子等价:She will never forget the day. On that day she got married. 她永远不会忘记这一天,在这一天她结婚了。
例句:
1. This is an old com*r which hat works much slower.
2. They stayed with me for three weeks during which time they drunk all the wine I had.
3. The picture (that) we are looking at was drawn by a fifteen-year-old student.
4. The picture at which we are looking was drawn by a fifteen-year-old student.
5. I have many students to whom I am going to send postcards.
6. You’re the only one whose advice he might listen to.
7. I’d like a room whose window looks out over the sea.
8. The explorer took only such men and things as he really needed into the jungle.
9. Such people as have made great contributions to the world should be greatly respected.
10. Let’s meet at the same place as we did yesterday.
11. Shakespeare is a famous writer ,as everyone knows.
12. As everyone knows ,Shakespeare is a famous writer.
13. Shakespeare ,as everyone knows ,is a famous writer.
14. Potato can be grown in places where(in which)it’s too cold to grow rice.
15. I shall never forget the days when(on which)we worked on the farm.
16. Can you tell me the reason why(for which) the car broke down.
17. The reason that the car broke down caused the accident.
18. He told me the way (thatin which)he solved the problem.
19. He told me how to solve the problem.
20. I have been to the places (thatwherein which)the Indians live.
occasion定语从句
定语从句(也称关系从句、形容词性从句),是指一类由关系词(英语:relative word)引导的从句,因为这类从句的句*能多是做定语,所以曾被称为定语从句(英语:attributive clause),这类从句除了可以做定语之外,还可以充当状语等其他成分,所以现代语言学多使用“关系从句”这一术语。以下是小编为大家收集的occasion定语从句,欢迎大家借鉴与参考,希望对大家有所帮助。
在定语从句,大家知道occasion的用法?放在句子的哪里呢?occasion在定语从句中作先行词时,后面用关系副词when还是where。
occasion在表示:
“a particular time or instance of an event(特定的)时刻;场合”时,定语从句引导词用when;当表示:“a special or noteworthy event, ceremony, or celebration(仪式、庆典等)重大场合”时,定语从句引导词用where。(新牛津英汉双解大词典)
例句:
1. In hard times, the Spring Festival was the only occasion where a family threw off the old attire and put on new clothes specially made for the festival.
2. Describe an occasion when you had to give a presentation to an audience.
例题:
D1. Occasions are quite rare ____ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.
A. whoB. whichC. whyD. when
定语从句的十大考点:
1. that 与which 在指代物时的用法区别
that 和which都可以引导先行词为物的定语从句,但是用法有区别:
① 只能用that的五种情况
a. 先行词为不定代词或先行词由不定代词修饰时
b. 先行词前有最高级或序数词修饰时
c. 先行词即有人又有物时
d. 先行词前有the very, the only修饰时
e. 主句为which,或who 引导的.特殊疑问句时
② 只能用which的两种情况
a. 非限定性定语从句中
b. 介词之后引导定语从句时
2.which与as的区别
as 和which 都可以引导非限制性定语从句,三种情况下只能用as,不能用which
a. as置于句首引导定语从句时(As we know,…)
b. as 含有“正如”之意(…as we expected)
c. 先行词前有such, the same 修饰时(…such an easy question as the little boy can answer.)
3. who、whom、that 的区别
a.先行词为those或people 时,常用关系代词who,不用that
b.介词之后用关系代词whom引导定语从句
4. whose 用法
whose+n. 引导定语从句的结构是定语从句的一个考查热点,此结构可以换成是the+n.+of+which引导定语从句或者可以换成是of which +the+n.
e.g.The man pulled out a gold watch, the hands of which were made of small diamonds.
whose hands / of which the hands
5. 介词+关系代词引导定语从句的用法
a. 介词之后的关系代词只能用which(先行词为物)或者是whom(先行词为人)
b. 介词的选择方法有三个原则:一“先”二“动”三“意义”
I lost my pen, with which I took notes. (先行词为pen,使用钢笔用with)
This is the house in which he lives. (定语从句中谓语动词live为不及物动词)
The gas is oxygen without which we can’t live. (根据句意决定)
6. 先行词为way时
先行词为way,在定语从句中作状语时,用that,in which引导定语从句,也可以省略关系词。
e.g. I don’t like the way(that/in which) he speaks to his parents.
7. 关系副词when、where、when引导定语从句的具体用法
① 先行词表示时间、地点、原因时,在定语从句中作状语,选择相应的关系副词when、where、why引导定语从句。若其在定语从句中作主语或宾语,则选择关系代词引导定语从句。区别三组例句:
where he lives.
a. This is the place
that/which he visited last year.
when my brother was a little boy.
b. I still remember the time
定语从句which的用法合集
定语从句既然是从句,就是一个句子,一定要有句子主干,也就是说,一定要有谓语动词。有的选项定语从句中没有谓语动词,动作由非谓语动词表示,就是错的。下面是小编整理的定语从句which的用法,欢迎大家阅读参考!
一,which前面有逗号,逗号前面是个名词,which就*指代那个名词。
(1) Tankfield emailed Pea some photos, which did not cheer Pea up.
which就*指代photos,定语从句中谓语动词did not cheer (Pea up)的发出者即从句主语即先行词photos,是photos没让豌豆家属高兴起来。
(2) Tankfield emailed Pea some photos, which Pea did not find interesting.
which就*指代photos,photos是定语从句中的宾语,把定语从句还原成一个完整句就是Pea did not find the photos interesting.
可以看到,上面两个句子都可以以that为关系代词改写,即
(1)’ Tankfield emailed Pea some photos that did not cheer Pea up.
(2)’ Tankfield emailed Pea some photos that Pea did not find interesting.
改写与原版区别在哪儿?就在一个逗号。which前面是名词,名词和which之间没逗号的,在GMAT语法里算错。
二,which前面是介词,介词前面是名词,which就*指代介词前的那个名词,名词和介词之间有无逗号均可。
Tankfield once lent Pea a book from which Pea glimpsed the basics of genes.
这个句子可以“拆”成如下两句:(每个定语从句都可以拆成两句,以先行词为拆分点)
Tankfield once lent Pea a book. Pea glimpsed the basics of genes from the book.
先行词实际上是定语从句中介词的宾语,这时,需要把介词提前,避免如下表达:
Tankfield once lent Pea a book, which Pea glimpsed the basics of genes from. (XXX)
Tankfield once lent Pea a book that Pea glimpsed the basics of genes from. (XXX)
上中学的时候学过,which引导的定语从句叫“非限制性定语从句”,是不是?它怎么就“非限制性”了?回顾上述GMAT语法规定which有且仅有的两种用法,which指的都是就*的名词,从句其实还是限制性的。
所谓非限制性呢,是说which指逗号之前一套主谓所描述的情况,以逗号前的一个完整句为先行词。比如:
Tankfield might never care to say Happy Birthday to Pea, which was rather sad.
Tankfield might never care to say Happy Birthday to Pea, which Pea did not refuse to acknowledge to herself any more.
注意,这样的非限制性定语从句在GMAT语法中是不成立的,关于which,GMAT语法考试只认可上述两种限制性用法。那么,在GMAT语法考试规则范围内,用什么方法能够表达出原来学过的非限制性定语从句的意思来呢?
分成两句或做出同位语来都是可以的,当然,需要先找出一个名词把原来非限制性定语从句的先行词(即那个完整的句子)概括出来。
一、分成两句
Tankfield might never care to say Happy Birthday to Pea. The fact was rather sad.
Tankfield might never care to say Happy Birthday to Pea. Pea did not refuse to acknowledge the fact to herself any more.
二、做同位语
Tankfield might never care to say Happy Birthday to Pea, the fact, rather sad, beingwhatPea did not refuse to acknowledge to herself any more.
是不是听过传说,带being的一概不选?Being为什么这么遭人鄙视?上面的例句还是成立的吗?
关系代词which的用法
(1)在非限定性定语从句中,只宜用which, 不宜用that.
(非限定性定语从句起补充说明作用,缺少也不会影响全句的理解,在非限定性定语从句的前面往往有逗号隔开,如若将非限定性定语从句放在句子中间,起前后都需要用逗号隔开。翻译**类的语言就是:有逗号的句子…)
例句:Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a very beautiful city.
(2)在限定性定语(就是正常的句子)从句中which和that在指代物的时候常常可以通用,但是有时只宜用which
而不用that 。 关系代词前面有介词的时候 (也就是说,有介词就不能用that) 例句:This is the hotel in which you will stay.
(3)"介词+关系代词"引导的定语从句
关系代词(基本上除了when, where, why, how以外都叫关系代词……)whom, which在定语从句中作介词的宾语时,可以跟介词一起放在主句和从句之间;当先行词指人时,介词后的关系代词用whom, 其余用which,这时的关系代词不能省略。含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开,介词仍放在动词的后面。
例句:his is the book (which / that) I'm looking for. 这就是我在找的那本书。
在这类定语从句中,介词的选择一般根据动词的需要。
例如 This is the house in which my family lived during the war.
这个句子中从句"which my family lived"中的动词是live,你不能说live
house吧,只能说live in house,这里live和in搭配所以which前就要家in.
(4)所以说你想要知道到底which前用不用加介词和加什么介词主要有两点:
1是你要看这个从句缺不缺介词,
2是要看动词与介词的固定搭配,这就是要背的了.
例句:This is the girl which I like.这句就不缺介词,你可以把句子反过来看看通不通顺.反过来就是I like this girl.这个句子是对的,不缺成分,那么它也就不用加介词.
This is the question about which I always think.这句就是think about 这个词组的搭配了.
一般考试会出现的就是live in, think about, hold on 之类的了.
只要你多练*把句子反过来就能够掌握了~
我们知道,as和which作为关系代词都可以用来引导非限制性定语从句,指代整个主句所表达的内容,在从句中作主语或宾语,但它们在用法上有区别,这一点许多学生往往搞不清楚。现就它们引导非限制性定语从句的用法简述如下:
one of 的定语从句
定语从句(也称关系从句、形容词性从句),是指一类由关系词(英语:relative word)引导的从句,因为这类从句的句*能多是做定语,所以曾被称为定语从句(英语:attributive clause),这类从句除了可以做定语之外,还可以充当状语等其他成分,所以现代语言学多使用“关系从句”这一术语。下面是小编整理的one of 的定语从句,一起来看看吧。
one of 的定语从句:
“one of +复数名词+定语从句” 结构中的主谓一致
1.在 “one of +复数名词+定语从句” 结构中,定语从句中谓语动词的单复数应由它修饰的先行词的数来决定。如:
This is one of the rooms that were damaged in the fire.这就是那次大火烧毁的房间之一。
2.在“the only one of +复数名词+定语从句” 结构中,定语从句的谓语动词应用单数形式。如:
Mary is the only one of the youngest girls who plays in the band.玛丽是参加乐队伴奏的最年轻的姑娘。
of的其他用法
1.动词+of
a)动词+of。of意为“有关,由于”: beg of(sb.)请求某人,complain of抱怨,consist of由…构成, die of死于, dream of梦想, hear of听说, know of了解,speak of谈及, tell of讲到, think of想起, talk of论及。例如:
Never has one of them complained of all the trouble we give.从来没有人抱怨我们带来这么多麻烦。
Carbon dioxide consists of carbon and oxygen. 二氧化碳由碳、氧两种元素组成。
b)动词+sb.+of+sth.。其中of有“剥夺,有关”之意:accuse of控告(谴责,非难)某人, cheat of骗走, deprive of剥夺,inform of汇报, rob of抢走, remind of提醒, warn of警告。例如:
He has cheated me of my poverty. 他骗走了我的财产。
They are deprived of their rights as citizens.他们的公民权都被剥夺了。
c)动词+sth.+ of +sb.。介词of表动宾关系,后接动作的宾语
sb.:request of请求(某人做某事), require of要求得到。例如:
All I request of you is that you should come here early.我唯一的请求就是希望你早点来。
You have done all the law requires of you.你做的这一切都是法律对你的要求。
2. be +形容词+ of。of后接表对象或目标的词,这类短语有很多:
be aware of觉察, be ashamed of以…为耻, be afraid of担心,be bare of没有, be careful of小心, be clear of还清债务,be certain of确信, be composed of由…构成, be envious of嫉妒,be forgetful of健忘, be fond of喜欢, be free of免于;摆脱, be full of充满, be guilty of认罪, be hopeful of抱有希望,be informed of汇报, be impatient of对…无耐心, be jealous of嫉妒,be made of用…制成, be mindful of留意, be proud of以…为骄傲,be sick of烦于, be short of缺乏, be sure of确信, be tired of困于,be worthy of值得。
3.of+名词构成的词组:of age成年, of choice精选的',of course当然,of late最*,of name有名的,of oneself自动地,of purpose有意地,of use有用,of values有价值的。
deprive sb. of his right 剥夺某人的权力(人身自由)
denude sb. of his possession (hope) 掠夺他的财产(希望/土地)
divest the baby of his clothes 脱孩子的衣服
rid him of this fear; rob sb. of his wallet 使他摆脱恐惧;抢他的钱包
defraud sb. of gold ring 诈骗某人的金戒指
cure sb. of cancer; heal sb. of cancer 治愈某人的癌症疾病
purify the nation clean the jar of crust 清洗罐子的外壁
clarify the river of flowing rubbish 清除河
后置定语从句例子
它在句中可以充当定语,对名词起修饰、描绘作用,还可以充当表语、宾语补足语等。形容词作定语修饰名词时,一般放在被修饰的名词之前,称作前置定语。但有时也可放在被修饰的名词之后,称作后置定语。下面是小编给大家整理的后置定语从句例子,希望能给你带来帮助!
(一)后置定语从句例子
It is he who received the letter that an nounced the deat hofhis uncle.是他接到了那封信,说他的叔叔去世了。(限制性定语从句,后置省略先行词)
他们正在为一个理想而努力,这个理想是每个*人所珍爱的,在过去,许多*人曾为了这个理想而牺牲了自己的生命。(限制性定语从句太长,按照汉语表达*惯,后置)
They are striving for the ideal which is close to the hear to fevery Chinese and for which,in the past,many Chinese have laid down their lives.
大概100人在周六的法庭接受审判。他们被控在六月份充满争议的总统选举后引起骚乱,威胁*。 结构分析:这句话的前半部分是主干。后面的是过去分词短语做后置定语,修饰people。thatfollowed……是定语从句,修饰unrest。
(二)后置定语的用法
用法1
当形容词修饰由every-、some-、any-、no-加body、one、thing等构成的复合不定代词时须后置。例如:
Have you ever met anyone famous ?
你曾经见过名人吗?
He did everything possible to help us .
他做了一切可能做的来帮助我们。
There is something wrong with the com*r .
这台电脑出毛病了。
注意:若something 前面有定冠词修饰,形容词不用后置。例如:There , on the table , was the mysterious something that they had been looking for . 看,在桌子上,正是他们一直孜孜以求的神秘的东西。
用法2
形容词组作定语须后置,其功能相当于一个定语从句。例如:
_________ to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills .
A. Brave enough students B. Enough brave students
C. Students brave enough D. Students enough brave
答案为C,解释见后面。
They are the boyseasiest to teach .
他们是最容易教的孩子。(划线部分相当于who are easiest to teach)
The basketfull of some fruitsbelongs to the old woman .
盛满各种水果的这个篮子是这位老妇人的。(划线部分相当于which is full of some fruits )
Thosebrave enough to take the coursemust be the top students in the grade .
那些敢于选修这门课程的学生一定是本年级的尖子生。(划线部分相当于who are brave enough)
用法3
两个形容词用and 或or连接作定语,进一步说明被修饰名词的作用,此时须后置。例如:
Power stations ,large and small, have been set up all over the country .
大大小小的水电站已经在全国各地兴建起来了。
(划线部分相当于which are large and small)
Every book ,new or old, should be put in the room .
不论新书还是旧书都应该放在这个房间里。
(划线部分相当于which is new or old)
用法4
形容词else常位于不定代词或疑问代词后作定语。例如:
Anything else I can do for you ?
我能为你做些别的事情吗?
What else did they say ?
他们还说了些什么?
用法5
形容词比较等级结构修饰名词时须后置。例如:
The Smiths need a car garage twice larger than this one .
史密斯夫妇需要一个比这个大一倍的车库。
He has booked the seat farthest from the door on the train for us .
他已经为我们预定了火车上离车门最远的座位。
用法6
“基数词+表示时间或度量单位的名词+形容词”结构可用来修饰名词,起定语作用。此时,该类结构的词组须后置。例如;
定语从句的例句
导语:一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后进行修饰限定就叫做定语从句。下面是小编收集整理的定语从句的例句,欢迎参考!
在复合句中 , 修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句, 被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词 , 引导定语从句的有关系代词 who, whom, whose, which, that等和关系副词where, when, why等 , 关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成份。
1.由who引导的定语从句中 , who用作主语 , 如 : This is the boy who often helps me.
2.由whom引导的定语从句中,whom用作宾语,如:The man whom you are waiting for has gone home.
3.由whose引导的定语从句中 , whose用作定语 , 如 : Do you know the girl whose skirt is white?
4.由which引导的定语从句中,which用作主语或谓语动词的宾语或介词的宾语,如:
The room in which there is a machine is a work shop.
The river which is in front of my house is very clean.
This is the pen which you want.
注意 :
(1)whom, which用作介词宾语时 , 介词可放在 whom、which之前 , 也可放在从句原来的位置上;但在含有介词的`动词固定词组中,介词只能放在原来的位置上。如: He is the very person whom we must take good care of.
(2)引导非限制性定语从句时,必须用关系代词which,不用that,如:I have lost
my bag, which I like very much.
(3)关系代词在句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词保持一致。
5.由that引导的定语从句中,that可以指人或物,在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语,但不能放在介词后面作介词宾语,如:
The book that I bought yesterday was written by Lu Xun.
注意在下面几种情况下必须用 that引导定语从句。
(1)先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等 , 如 :
All that we have to do is to practise English.
(2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,如
The first letter that I got from him will be kept.
(3)先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰 , 如
I've eaten up all the food that you gave me.
(4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时如
He is the only person that I want to talk with.
(5)先行词既有人又有物时,如:
They talked about persons and things that they met.
(6)当句中已有who时 , 为避免重复 , 如 : Who is the man that is giving us the
class?
6.由when, where, why引导的定语从句,如:
I don't know the reason why he was late.
This is the place where we have lived for 5 years.
I'll never forget the day when I met Mr Li for the first time.
注意:先行词是表示地点时,如果从句的谓语动词是及物的,就用 that(which),如果从句的谓语动词是不及物的,就用where引导。This is the house Which /that he has lived in for 15 years.(Where he has lived for 15 year.)
7. 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
(1)限制性定语从句是句中不可缺少的组成部分,主句和从句之间不用逗号分开。引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词有who, whom, whose, which, of which等,这些关系代词都不能省略。
(2)非限制性定语从句是对主句先行词的补充说明 , 没有这种从句 , 不影响主句意思的完整 , 一般用逗号把主句和从句分开 , 关系代词用 which,不用that;指人时可用who,如 : I have two brothers, who are both students.
8.如何简化定语从句
(1).定语从句简化为形容词或形容词短语作后置定语。如:
My grandfather lives in a village that is far away from here.
→My grandfather lives in a village far away from here.我祖父住在离这儿很远的一个村子。
This is a book that is worth reading.
→This is a book worth reading. 这是一本值得看的书。
(2) 定语从句简化为现在分词或现在分词短语作前置或后置定语。
The man who is standing under the tree is our English teacher.
→The man standing under the tree is our English teacher.
站在树下面的那个人是我们的英语老师。
I saw the house that was burning at that time.→I saw the burning house at that time.
当时我看到那房子在燃烧。
(3)定语从句简化为过去分词短语作后置定语。
that定语从句例句
that在限制性定语从句中既可指人又可指事或物.只能用that来引导定语从句。下面是that定语从句例句,供大家参考!
一、that指代某物事时
1.先行词为all, few, little, much, the one, something, anything, everything, nothing等时。如:
(1)Well do all that we can to protect the endangered plants and animals.
我们将尽我们的最大努力来保护那些濒危的动植物。
(2) There is much that I wan to tell you.
我有很多想要告诉你的话。
(3) Is there anything that I can do for you?
有什么我可以帮你的吗?
2.先行词被all, every, no, some, any, (a)few, (a)little, much等限定词修饰时。如:
(4) You can borrow any book that you want to read in our school library.
在我们图书馆,你可以借任何你想读的书。
3.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如:
(5)This is the most beautiful city that Ive ever seen.
这是我见过的最漂亮的城市。
4.先行词被the only, the very, the right, the last等修饰时。如:
(6)This is the very factory that they visited last summer holiday.
这恰好是他们去年参观的那个工厂。
(7)This is the only painting in this style that we have.
这种风格的画我们仅有一幅。
5.先行词是并列结构,既有人又有物时。如:
(8)He talked happily of the writer and his books that interested him.
6.先行词前有the same修饰,表示和先行词是同一物时。如:
(9)This is the same purse that I lost yesterday.
这就是我昨天丢的那个钱夹。
注:如果表示的是与先行词同一类或相似的'某物,则用the same…as….如:
(10)This is the same purse as I lost yesterday.
这个钱夹和我昨天丢的那个一样。
7.先行词为数词时。
(11)Look at the books on the bookshelf. You can see the two that you bought me for my birthday.
瞧书架上那些书。你可以看到我过生日时你买的那两本。
8.如果which引导的定语从句中又含有一个定语从句,为避免重复,第二个定语从句用that。如:
(12)They built a factory which produced things that had never been seen.
他们建了一工厂,生产以前从未见过的东西。
9.以which作主语开头的特殊问句,为了避免重复,定语从句用that。如。
(13)Which is the bus that you will take?
你要乘的是哪一班车?
10.关系代词在定语从句中作表语时,而且通常省略。如:
(14)My hometown is no longer the place that it used to be.
我的家乡再也不是以前那个样子了。
11.关系代词在there be 句型中作主语时,而且常可以省略。如:
(15)This is the fastest train (that) there has ever been.
这是有史以来最快的列车。
二、that指代某人时。
1.泛指某人时。如:
(16)He is a man that is never at a loss.
他是一个从未一筹莫展的人。
2.主句是以作主语的who开头的特殊问句,为了避免重复时。如:
(17)Who is the person that is talking with our headmaster?
和我们校长说话的那人是谁?
限定型定语从句
限定性定语从句对被修饰的先行词有限定制约作用,使该词的含义更具体,更明确。下面是小编收集整理的限定性定语从句用法,供大家参考借鉴,希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。
在写作中,一般的简单句会用一个形容词做定语来修饰一个名词,但当定语成分太过复杂而不能只用单个形容词担当时,就要借助于一个句子来做定语修饰名词。
像这样由句子担当定语,对被修饰的.先行词进行有限定制约,使该词的含义更具体,更明确,我们称之为限定性定语从句,下面我们结合例句进行对比学*:
a)I don’t like lazy people(形容词做定语放在名词前面).
b)I don’t like the people who never keep their words. 我不喜欢从不遵守诺言的人.
在限定性定语从句中,有两个比较重要的概念。以b句为例,独立主句是:I don’t like the people;定语从句为“who never keep their words”,相当于一个形容词,做定语修饰名词“the people”, 且从句和主句是由who来连接的。在定语从句中,“the people”被称为先行词,指被定语从句所修饰或限制的对象。“who”被称为关系词即重复指代先行词,并在定语从句中充当一定成分的连词。
从上面的解析不难看出,关系词在限定性定语从句中很重要,是连接主句和从句的关键。关系词可以分为关系代词和关系副词,下面我们一起来进行具体的学*。
I.关系代词主要有:who, whom, whose, which, that.
A. 当先行词为人时,可用关系代词who,whom,whose 和that.
a. 若关系代词在从句中做主语时,选用 who 或that.
eg:The woman is a responsible teacher who /that is loved by her students.
= The woman is a responsible teacher and she is loved by her students.
b. 若关系代词在从句中做宾语时,选用 whom(首选),who 或that.
eg: The girl whom we are talking about is a good friend of us.
c. 若关系代词在从句中做定语,表示人的所有关系时,选用 whose 或of whom.
Eg:I know a friend whose sister is a famous dancer.
= I know a friend. His sister is a famous dancer. (whose 代替了his,指人 friend)
B.当先行词为物时,可用关系代词which, that 或whose.
a. 若关系代词在从句中做主语或宾语时,选用 which 或that.
Eg:These are the trees which / that are destroyed in the fire(做主语).
b. 若关系代词在从句中做定语,表示物的所有关系时,选用 whose 或of which.
Eg:The children saw an elephant whose legs were hurt badly.
综上所述,当先行词为人和物时,若在从句中做主语或是宾语,这时可用选用关系代词that,做定语时用whose.
II. 关系副词主要有:where,when 和why.
A. 当先行词为表示地点的名词时,定语从句由副词where引导.
In the sixth century BC, ancient Greece was a country where there were a lot of new ideas.
B. 当先行词为表示时间的名词时,定语从句由副词when引导.
Plato lived at a time when philosophy was very fashionable.
C. 当先行词为表示原因的名词时,定语从句由副词why引导.
Can you tell me the reason why you lied to me?
需要注意的是,限制性定语从句不能被省略,否则句意就不完整,例如I met someone who said he knows you.
通过上面的讲解,同学们在写作过程中对限定性定语从句是否又多了一份了解呢?希望可以有助于您更好的解析英文中的定语从句,从而更好的提高作文中的长难句学*。
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which that 定语从句 whose定语从句用法 there be句型定语从句 定语从句which与where such as引导定语从句 occasion定语从句 关于where的定语从句 定语从句翻译句子练* 定语后置与定语从句 后置定语从句例子 定语从句which的用法合集 定语从句例句 one of 定语从句 定语从句的例句 one of 的定语从句 定语从句that的用法 定语及定语从句 the way定语从句用法 定语从句先行词例子 后置定语写成定语从句 that定语从句例句 定语从句如何修饰句子 in which 定语从句 定语从句讲解that 定语从句例句 定语从句 后置定语和定语从句 those的定语从句 定语从句who的用法 way的定语从句
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