高二英语重点短语

初二英语重点语法知识点归纳

初二英语重点语法知识点归纳

　　我们从小学开始学*英语，到了初中就开始正式系统学*英语语法知识，那么初二的学生需要掌握哪些语法知识呢?下面是百分网小编为大家整理的初二英语必备的知识点，希望对大家有用!

　　初二英语语法知识

　　1.由that引导，由于that没有任何意义，也不充当任何句子成分。因此that在非正式文体中可以省略。这类宾语从句通常表达一种陈述意义。

　　e.g.He told me (that) he would go to Wuhan.

　　Tom says (that) he must study hard.

　　She told me (that) she was a student.

　　(1)如果由and连接两个并列的宾语从句时，第二个that则不能省略。

　　e.g.She said she liked English very much and that she didn’t like math at all.

　　(2)常接that引导的宾语从句的谓语动词有：believe, expect, explain, feel, hear, hope, imagine, prefer, promise, report, say, see, tell, think, understand, warn, wish等。

　　2.由连接代词或连接副词who, whose, what, which, when, where, how, why引导，含有“谁、什么、哪个、什么时候、什么地方、怎样、为什么”等特殊疑问意义。

　　e.g.Do you know who they’re talking about?

　　Can you tell me what they’re looking for?

　　I don’t know where she has gone.

　　I wonder how she can find us.

　　She didn’t tell me where her hometown was.

　　3.由从属连词whether和if引导，含有“是否，能否，对否，有否”等一般疑问意义。

　　e.g.She asked me if I could help her.

　　Jim wanted to know whether I had taken his English book.

　　Please tell me whether you can come or not.

　　在这类宾语从句中要注意两点：

　　(1)if引导宾语从句和状语从句的区别

　　if引导宾语从句时意为“是否”，从句中该用什么时态就应用什么时态。

　　if引导条件状语从句时意为“假如”，从句中应用一般现在时代替一般将来时。

　　e.g.She wanted to know if you were a teacher.

　　I don’t know if the letter is yours.

　　They’ll go boating if it is fine tomorrow.

　　I’ll give it to her if she comes next week.

　　(2)if引导宾语从句时多数情况下可以与whether互换，但如果要突出“究竟是……还是不……”这层意思时，通常用whether，并在后面的加上“or not”，即一般要选择whether构成whether…or not的结构。

　　e.g.Please find out whether the money is his or not.

　　Let me know whether you can come or not.

　　I want to know whether you can help me or not.

　　初二英语基础知识

　　1) leave的用法

　　1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。例如：

　　When did you leave Shanghai?

　　你什么时候离开上海的?

　　2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如：

　　Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London.

　　下周五，爱丽斯要去伦敦了。

　　3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。

　　例如：

　　Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing?

　　你为什么要离开上海去北京?

　　2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用

　　should作为情态动词用?常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等?有“竟会”的意思例如：：How should I know? 我怎么知道?

　　Why should you be so late today?

　　你今天为什么来得这么晚?

　　should有时表示应当做或发生的事?例如：

　　We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。

　　我们在使用时要注意以下几点

自考英语二复*重点

自考英语二复*重点

　　英语（二）大概是自学考试所有非英语专业的课程中最难通过的一门课程，许多考生连续多次参加考试，成绩都不理想，那么英语二有哪些重点呢，小编为大家总结了以下知识点供大家参考。以下是小编为大家收集的自考英语二复*重点，仅供参考，欢迎大家阅读。

　　No.1

　　名词复数的规则变化

　　一般情况加词尾 -s，如 book / books, desk / desks等。其读音规则是在清辅音后读［s］，在元音和浊辅音后读［z］。

　　以 s, x, z, sh, ch 等结尾的名词，通常加词尾 -es：bus / buses, box / boxes, dish / dishes等。

　　以y 结尾的名词，其复数构成要分两种情况：以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词，将 y 改为 ies；以“元音字母+y”结尾的名词，直接加词尾-s：city / cities, toy / toys, holiday / holidays 等。

　　No.2

　　复数规则变化的几点说明

　　以 ch 结尾的名词变复数时加词尾-es，指的是 ch 读音为[tF]时；若ch的读音为[k]，则其复数应加词尾-s，如 stomach[tstQmEk]是 stomachs，而不是 stomaches。

　　以y结尾的专有名词，直接加词尾s变复数。

　　以 o 结尾的名词，有些加词尾 -s，有些加-es，但在中学英语范围内，以o结尾的名词变复数加词尾-es 的主要有以下4个：tomato(西红柿)，potato(土豆)，hero(英雄)，Negro(黑人)。

　　注：有些以o 结尾的名词在变复数时加-s或-es均可，如zero / zero(e)s(零)等。

　　以 f 或 fe 结尾的名词，也有两种可能：即有些直接加词尾-s，有些则把 f / fe 改为 ves：roof / roofs(屋顶)，knife / knives(小刀)等。但在中学英语范围内，要改 f / fe 为 ves 的只有以下10个词(它们都是日常生活中的常用词)：wife(妻子)，life(生命)，knife(小刀)，leaf(树叶)，thief(贼)，half(一半)，self(自己)，shelf(架子)，loaf(面包)，wolf(狼)。

　　注：中学英语中的handkerchief(手帕)在变复数时有两种形式：handkerchiefs / handkerchieves，但在现代英语中，以用 handkerchiefs 为多见。

　　No.3

　　单数与复数同形的名词。这类名词不多，主要的有：

　　sheep 绵羊

　　fish 鱼

　　deer 鹿

　　Chinese *人

　　Japanese 日本人

　　Portuguese 葡萄牙人

　　Swiss 瑞士人

　　aircraft 飞行器

　　means 方法

　　series 系列

　　head (牛等的)头数

　　works 工厂

　　No.4

　　复合名词变复数的方法。复合名词变复数通常是将其主要名词变为复数：

　　passer-by / passers-by 过路人 looker-on / lookers-on 旁观者

　　若没有主要名词，则通常在最后一个词尾加s

　　No.5

　　名词分为可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词出现时，要么是复数名词，要么前面加限定词，如冠词（a、an 或 the），不可数名词永远是单数形式。

　　No.6

　　形容词【adjective】 很多语言中均有的主要词类中的一种。主要用来修饰名词的词,表示事物的特征。

　　eg:

　　tall（高）

　　rich（富有的）

　　handsome（英俊的）

　　No.7

　　形容词在句中做定语，一般放在所修饰词的前面，但修饰不定代词时，放在其后面。

　　eg:

　　①Provence is a romantic city.

　　普鲁旺斯是一个浪漫的城市。

　　② I have something important to tell you.

　　我有重要的事情要告诉你

　　No.8

　　可作表语，放在系动词后面

　　eg:

高二生物学考重点知识点归纳

高二生物学考重点知识点归纳

　　在*日的学*中，相信大家一定都接触过知识点吧！知识点就是“让别人看完能理解”或者“通过练*我能掌握”的内容。还在为没有系统的知识点而发愁吗？下面是小编整理的高二生物学考重点知识点归纳，欢迎大家分享。

　　1、豌豆的特点(作遗传学材料的优点)：闭花传粉自花授粉，自然状态下都是纯种、性状易于区分。(1.揭开植物闭花**的奥秘、2.豌豆邹粒的原因、3.解读DNA是主要的遗传物质、4.孟德尔定律要注意的几个问题(初级)、5.杂合子连续自交有个“大绝招”你用过没?)

　　2、分离定律：在生物的体细胞中，控制同一性状的遗传因子成对存在，不相融合;在形成配子时，成对的遗传因子发生分离，分离后的遗传因子分别进入不同的配子中，随配子遗传给后代。

　　3、自由组合定律：控制不同性状的遗传因子的分离和组合是互不干扰的;在形成配子时，决定同一性状的成对的遗传因子彼此分离，决定不同性状的遗传因子自由组合。

　　4、两条遗传基本规律的精髓是：遗传的不是性状的本身，而是控制性状的遗传因子。

　　5、孟德尔成功的原因：正确的选用实验材料;现研究一对相对性状的遗传，再研究两对或多对性状的遗传;应用统计学方法对实验结果进行分析;基于对大量数据的分析而提出假说，再设计新的实验来验证。

　　6、萨顿的假说：基因和染色体行为存在明显的*行关系。(通过类比推理提出)

　　基因在杂交过程中保持完整性和独立性;在体细胞中基因成对存在，染色体也是成对的;体细胞中成对的基因一个来自父方，一个来自母方，同源染色体也是如此;非等位基因在形成配子时自由组合，非同源染色体在减数第一次分裂后期也是自由组合的。

　　萨顿由此推论：基因是由染色体携带着从秦代传递给下一代的。即基因就在染色体上。

　　7、减数分裂是进行有性生殖的生物，在产生成熟的生殖细胞时进行的染色体数目减半的细胞分裂。在减数分裂的过程中，染色体只复制一次，而细胞分裂两次。减数分裂的结果是，成熟生殖细胞中的染色体数目比原始生殖细胞的减少一半。

　　8、配对的两条染色体，形状大小一般相同，一条来自父方，一条来自母方，叫做同源染色体。同源染色体两两配对的现象叫做联会。联会后的每对同源染色体含有四条染色单体，叫做四分体。

　　9、减数分裂过程中染色体数目减半发生在减数第一次分裂。

　　10、**卵中的染色体数目又恢复到体细胞中的数目，其中有一半的染色体来自**(父方)，另一半来自卵细胞(母方)。

　　11、基因分离的实质是：在杂合体的细胞中，位于一对同源染色体上的等位基因，具有一定的独立性;在减数分裂形成配子的过程中，等位基因会随着同源染色体的分开而分离，分别进入两个配子中，独立的随着配子遗传给后代。

　　12、基因的自由组合定律的实质是：位于非同源染色体上的非等位基因的分离和自由组合是互不干扰的;在减数分裂过程中，在同源染色体上的等位基因彼此分离的同时，非同源染色体上的非等位基因自由组合。

　　13、红绿色盲、抗维生素D佝偻病等，它们的基因位于性染色体上，所以遗传上总是和性别相关联，这种现象叫做伴性遗传。

　　14、因为绝大多数生物的遗传物质是DNA，只有少数生物(如HIV病毒)的遗传物质是RNA，所以说DNA是主要的遗传物质。

　　15.证明DNA是遗传物质的两大实验的实验思路：设法将DNA与蛋白质等其他物质分离开来，单独地、直接地观察它们各自的作用。

　　16、DNA分子双螺旋结构的主要特点：DNA分子是由两条链组成的，这两条链按反向*行方式盘旋成双螺旋结构;DNA分子中的脱氧核苷酸和磷酸交替连接，排列在外侧，构成基本骨架，碱基排列在内侧;两条链上的碱基通过氢键连接成碱基对，并且碱基配对有一定的规律。

　　17、碱基之间的这种一一对应的关系，叫做碱基互补配对原则。

　　18、DNA分子的复制是一个边解旋边复制的过程，复制需要模板、原料、能量和酶等基本条件。DNA分子独特的双螺旋结构，为复制提供了精确的模板，通过碱基互补配对，保证了复制能够准确地进行。

　　19、遗传信息蕴藏在4种碱基的排列顺序之中，碱基排列顺序的千变万化，构成了DNA分子的多样性，而碱基的特定的排列顺序，又构成了每一个DNA分子的特异性。

　　20、基因是有遗传效应的DNA分子片断。

　　21、RNA是在细胞核中，以DNA的`一条链为模板合成的，这一过程称为转录。

　　22、游离在细胞质中的各种氨基酸，就以mRNA为模板合成具有一定氨基酸顺序的蛋白质，这一过程叫做翻译。

　　1.使能量持续高效的流向对人类最有意义的部分

　　2.能量在2个营养级上传递效率在10%—20%

　　3.单向流动逐级递减

　　4.真菌PH5.0—6.0细菌PH6.5—7.5放线菌PH7.5—8.5

　　5.物质作为能量的载体使能量沿食物链食物网流动

　　6.物质可以循环，能量不可以循环

　　7.河流受污染后，能够通过物理沉降化学分解 微生物分解，很快消除污染

　　8.生态系统的结构：生态系统的成分+食物链食物网

　　9.淋巴因子的成分是糖蛋白;病毒衣壳的是1—6多肽分子个;原核细胞的细胞壁：肽聚糖

　　10.过敏：抗体吸附在皮肤，黏膜，血液中的某些细胞表面，再次进入人体后使细胞释放组织胺等物质.

　　11.生产者所固定的太阳能总量为流入该食物链的总能量

　　12.效应B细胞没有识别功能

　　13.萌发时吸水多少看蛋白质多少

　　大豆油根瘤菌不用氮肥

　　脱氨基主要在肝脏但也可以在其他细胞内进行

　　14.水肿：组织液浓度高于血液

　　15.尿素是有机物，氨基酸完全氧化分解时产生有机物

　　16.是否需要转氨基是看身体需不需要

　　17.蓝藻：原核生物，无质粒

　　酵母菌：真核生物，有质粒

　　高尔基体合成纤维素等

　　tRNA含C H O N P S

　　18.生物导弹是单克隆抗体是蛋白质

　　19.淋巴因子：白细胞介素

　　20.原肠胚的形成与囊胚的分裂和分化有关

高中英语重点词汇词组辨析

高中英语重点词汇词组辨析

　　高中英语重点词汇词组相对来说难度较大，掌握好重点词汇词组也是我们学好英语的关键，下面是小编整理的高中英语重点词汇词组辨析，希望对你有所帮助，在学业上有所进步。

　　用作名词，故很易与另一名词action混淆不清。请注意，它们之间有如下 的区别：

　　（一）一般说来，act指个别具体的行动；action 指抽象的行为。

　　（二）act大都指短暂的、简单的动作；action 指较长的、复杂的行为。例如我们应该说the action of a machine，而不说the act of a machine。

　　（三）在下列场合，只能用act，不能用action；the act of cruelty，folly，mercy，God（天灾），jumping，stealing，walking，kindness，madness...。

　　（四）在下列场合，只能用action，不能用act：to take action，in speech and action，a man of action, put into action, ready for action, to come （bring） into action...。在某些*语和表示“作用” 的涵义时，也只能用action，不用act。例：Actions speak louder than words；Chemical action（化学 作用）；capillary action（毛细管作用）；the action of light （heat）（光/热的作用）……。

　　下面例句说明act和action的分野：

　　The pickpocket was caught in the act. 扒手在行窃是被抓住了。

　　Trying to cover up the mistake is an act of folly. 试图隐藏错误是一件愚蠢的事。

　　In the act of picking up the ball, he slipped and fell. 他在拾球的时候滑倒了。

　　Don't take any action. 不要采用任何行动。

　　He is a man of action. 他是一个很活跃的人。

　　The government must take action to prevent unemployment from deteriorating.

　　*必须采用行动防止失业情况恶化。

　　有时候，act和action之间的界限并不是很清楚的，例如在下列句中，它们可互换使用：

　　It was an act (or action) that they were to regret bitterly.

　　Her heroic act (or action) will be long remembered.

　　You will be judged by your acts (or actions).

　　最后还需补充一点，在指某个行为或行动的特征时，应用act，不用action。例如：an act of thoughtfulness; the act of a fool，但是，在该行为或动作之前如有形容词修饰时，则改用action，不 用act。例如我们说：the act of a careless person; I don't like his careless action.

　　高中英语语法-高中英语语法重点难点回顾之三

　　高中英语语法重点难点回顾之三

　　little,no,some, 等修饰。

　　I have read all the book (that) you gave me.

　　4)先行词被 the only, the very, the same, the last 修饰时。

　　He is the only person that I want to talk to.

　　5)先行词既有人又有物时。They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school.

　　先行词是表示地点时,要根据从句的谓语动词是及物的还是不及物的。如果是及物的就用that(which),否则用where。

　　This is the house where he lived last year.

　　This is the house that (which) he visited last year.

　　用no sooner…than和hardly…when引导的从句表示“刚……就……”。主句中的动词一般用过去完成时,从句用过去时;而且主句一般倒装,把助动词had提到前面。例如：Hardly had I entered the room when I heard a loud noise.

　　代词作主语时,主谓语序不变。Here it is. Here he comes.

　　当句首状语为表示地点的介词词组时也常常引起全部倒装。

　　South of the city lies a big steel factory.

　　From the valley came a frightening sound.

　　表语置于句首时,倒装结构为“表语+连系动词+主语”。

　　Present at the meeting were Professor White,Professor Smith and many other guests.

　　Gone are the days when they could do what they liked to the Chinese people.

　　Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys.

　　He has been to Beijing. So have I.

　　Li Wei can’t answer the question. Neither can I.

　　部分倒装

　　用于省略if的虚拟条件状语从句。Had you reviewed your lessons,you might have passed the examination.

　　3.用于“形容词(或名词、动词)+as(though)引导的让步状语从句中。例如：Pretty as she is ,she is not clever.

　　Try as he would, he might fail again.

　　如果从句的表语是名词,其名词前不加任何冠词。

　　Child as he was, he had to make a living.

　　用于no sooner…than…,hardly…when和not until的句型中。Not until the teacher came did he finish his homework.

　　用于never,hardly,seldom,scarcely, barely, little,often,at no time,not only,not once等词开头的句子。

　　Never shall I do this again.

　　Little did he know who the woman was.

高二英语练*题

高二英语练*题

　　练*就是用题进行多角度、多层次的训练，通过多方面的强化，恰当的重复来掌握知识和技巧。题，既包括书面文字，又包括口述和动手操作的实验等。下面小编为大家带来高二英语练*题，希望大家喜欢。

　　第一节 语法和词汇知识（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

　　从A.B.C.D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并将答案写在答题纸上。

　　21. We were at _____ work, when the lights went out all of ______ sudden.

　　A. /; / B. /; a C. the; / D. the; a

　　22. Scientists are trying to find a new approach _____ the shortage of energy.

　　A. to B. of C. In D. with

　　23. If you won't go to the party, ________.

　　A. he will either B. neither will he C. he neither will D. either he will

　　24. -You look so upset, Jane. _______?

　　- My pet dog is lost.

　　A. What's up? B. What's for? C. What are you doing? D. So what?

　　25. ______ that he looked unhappy; he had lost his favorite book.

　　A. No problem B. No charge C. No wonder D. No hurry

　　26. It __________ last night because the ground is dry outside.

　　A. can’t have rained B. must have rained

　　C. mustn't have rained D. should have rained

　　27. Mr. Wu, _____ everybody likes, is going to give us a talk on chemistry.

　　A. whom B. that C. which D. /

　　28. I waited for more than two hours, but she sim* didn't ______.

　　A. turn up B. turn off C. turn on D. turn over

　　29.He always thinks of ________ he can work better for the people.

　　A. what B. which C. why D. how

　　30. With all his homework ______, he went back home immediately.

　　A. finished B. to finish C. finishing D. being finished

　　31. We have taken effective measures to _______our natural resources.

　　A. observe B. preserve C. serve D. reserve

　　32. He as well as his best friends _______ Europe already.

　　A. has paid a visit to B. have paid a visit to

　　C. has paid the visit to D. have paid the visit to

　　33. Many people believe that hunger is only a problem in the developing world. ______, it is a problem all over the world..

　　A. On the contrary B. First of all C. As a result D. What's more

　　34. -How about seeing a new movie tonight?

　　-________. but I’ve got to go over my notes for tomorrow's exam.

　　A. All right B. Sounds great C. I can't D. No, I am sorry.

　　35. The headmaster could not go to the meeting; therefore Mr Johnson ____ him.

　　A. greeted B. related C. represented D. took

　　第二节 完形填空 （共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）

　　阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并将答案写在答题纸上。

　　As a husband who remains Chinese, I enjoy eating Chinese food and in particular cooking Chinese food. ___36____, my wife, good at French cooking and furthermore good to ___37____ our house clean, dismissed my efforts as a Chinese ____38___.

　　One day, however, the laid-off cook, couldn’t ___39____asking her to make room for him: “My darling, today, I really want to prepare some __40____food. Could you please lend me the ___41____?” “No problem, but don’t make too much dirt.” My wife, used to cooking in pure water, was excited, ___42_____ a little bit worried. I shut the door and as a cook, begun to play ____43___ and loudly with the cooking tools and dance around the stove. The menu was __44____one week earlier. Soon, the strong smell of Sichuan dishes spread all over the house and I ___45___with the first course. “Come on, Darling!” I proudly ___46___.

　　My lovely wife came into the dining room. “What’s this?” She asked doubtfully, ____47____ at the black egg on the plate. “This is a Chinese dish, Songhuadan. In Europe it is ___48___called the egg of one hundred years. It is really delicious. ___49___ it.” Seeing her hesitating, I brought a piece of it up to her mouth. “____50___! Why is it so smelly?” She cried, nearly throwing it up. “My darling, it is delicious! ___51___do you find it horrible?” I was ___52____. Seeing dark clouds cover her face, I immediately used the ___53____ panacea (万能药) “I love you”. The clouds ___54___and her face was brightened again by sunshine. However, she determinedly ___55____to risk a further bite.

　　36. A. However B. therefore C. Moreover D. still

　　37. A. live B. like C.want D. keep

　　38. A. worker B. cook C. husband D. person

　　39. A. permit B. wait C. remain D. help

　　40. A. Chinese B. French C. Sichuan D. European

　　41. A. house B. kitchen C. room D. stove

　　42. A. so B. and C. for D. but

　　43. A. carelessly B. happily C. smoothly D. nervously

高中英语重点句型汇总

高中英语重点句型汇总

　　想要写好作文就要对背背短语及句型，只有掌握了短语及句型才能写好文章。以下是小编整理的高中英语重点句型汇总，希望对大家有所帮助。

　　1、Although the four countries do work together in some areas，they are still very different.

　　although 引导让步状语从句：虽然这四个国家确实在某些领域合作，但它们仍然非常不同。

　　2、as if / though 引导的状语从句，时常用虚拟语气，表示与事实不符或相反的情况

　　He spoke in that way as if he were a foreigner. 他讲话的方式就好像是老外。

　　3、as + adj. + a + 可数单数名词 + as … ：as---as 像---一样：第一个as是副词，修饰形容词或副词的原级;

　　第二个as是连词，引导比较状语从句。在否定句中也可以改为not as(so)---as-----.

　　The film was not as/so good as I had expected. 这部电影不如我预期的好。

　　4、be about to do sth…when… 正要干……这时…… when == at that time

　　I was about to leave when the manager called me back. 我正要离开时,经理叫住了他。

　　5、believe it or not 信不信由你，用于口语中，相当于插入语

　　Believe it or not, he asked me to tell you a lie! 信不信由你，他要我向你说谎!

　　6、can / could have done 表示对过去发生的行为进行推测，“可能”。一般用于否定句和疑问句

　　He can’t / couldn’t have done it because he was an honest man.

　　(1)must have done常用于肯定句，“一定” It must have been very late when he left the office.

　　(2)may / might have done 可能、也许，用于否定和肯定句中 He may / might have heard it from Mary.

　　(3)should have done表示“本该做某事，而结果未做”，否定句表示“不该做某事而结果做了”

　　He should not have taken the old clothes away. 他不该把旧衣服带走。(事实上已带走啦)

　　(4)needn’t have done 本来不需要---，但是做了… He needn’t have done his homework yesterday.

　　7、even if / though--- -即使、虽然

　　Even if we can go out for play, we won’t do. 即使我们能出去玩，我们也不想去。

　　8、Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep. 由于太累了，我倒在床上马上就睡着了。

　　exhausted表原因，相当于一个原因状语从句As I was exhausted

　　9、Finding that Zhinu was heart-broken , her mother finally decided to let the couple cross the Milky Way to meet once a year.

　　Finding that Zhinu was heart-broken 是现在分词短语作原因状语，表主动动作。主句的主语与v.-ing有逻辑上的主谓关系

　　10、He couldn’t have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies! 他不能让永慧跟别人说谎而置之不理。

　　(1)have sb. doing sth. 让某人做某事，表示一个持续的.动作。放在否定句中表示不允许某人干某事。

　　(2)have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事(省略to的不定式)，指做一次性的具体动作;

　　I’d have you know that I am ill. 我要让你知道我病了。

　　11、He got interested in two theories explaining how cholera killed people.

　　他对两个关于霍乱为什么能致人于死地的理论感兴趣。

　　how 引导的特殊疑问句是宾语从句

　　12、 However + adj. / adv. + 主语 + 谓语

　　however = no matter how无论如何，不管怎样，引导让步状语从句

　　However/No matter how cold it is, he always goes swimming.

　　13、主语 + be + adj.+ to do Tom is pleasant to work with. 与汤姆共事很令人愉快。

　　14、If so so用if 之后，代替前面的分句或句子，构成缩略条件句，语义可由上下文语境得知。

　　Will you get a free evening next week? If so, let us have dinner.

　　15、in search of 寻找，寻求

　　I’m always in search of someone who has the same hobby with me.

　　16、It is time -----

　　(1)It is time to do sth. 到了---的时间啦。

　　(2)It’s time (for sb.)to do sth. 到了某人干----的时间啦。 It’s time for us to have a lesson.

　　(3)It’s (high/about) time that 从句到了某人干----的时间啦

　　(4)It /That/This/was/is the first/second----time that---- 这是某人第一、第二---次做某事 It’s the first time that I have been here.

　　17、It is too bad you can’t go as far as Ottawa. as far as 有三层基本的意思

　　(1)到某一指定的地点;远达 He walked as far as the park. 他步行到花园。

　　(2)同样的距离 We didn’t go as far as others. 我们不如别人走的远。

　　(3)程度、范围。就----而言，至于。也可以写做 so far as

　　As / So far as I know, he isn’t coming to the party. 据我所知，他不会出*这个晚会了。

高二英语必修5课文翻译

高二英语必修5课文翻译

　　在英语学*中,除了单词、语法等还会考察大家的翻译能力,课文翻译也是大家一项很重要的课后作业,今天小编整理了高二英语必修5课文翻译,供同学们学*参考

　　JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA”

　　约翰·斯诺击败“霍乱王”

　　John Snow was a famous doctor in London - so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.约翰·斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生——他的确医术精湛，因而成为照料维多利亚女王的私人医生。But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.但他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通百姓时，他就感到很振奋。This was the deadly disease of its day.霍乱在当时是最致命的疾病，Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.每次霍乱暴发时，就有大批惊恐的老百姓死去。John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem.约翰·斯诺想面对这个挑战，解决这个问题。He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause was found.他知道，在找到病源之前，霍乱疫情是无法控制的。

　　He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people.斯诺对霍乱致人死地的两种推测都很感兴趣。The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. A cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its victims.一种看法是霍乱病毒在空气中繁殖着，像一股危险的气体到处漂浮，直到找到病毒的受害者为止。The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.第二种看法是人们在吃饭的时候把这种病毒引入体内的。From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died.病从胃里发作而迅速殃及全身，患者就会很快地死去。

　　John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence.斯诺推测第二种说法是正确的，但他需要证据。So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, he was ready to begin his enquiry.因此，在1854年伦敦再次暴发霍乱的时候，约翰·斯诺着手准备对此进行调研。As the disease spread quickly through poor neighbourhoods, he began to gather information.当霍乱在贫民区迅速蔓延的时候，约翰·斯诺就开始收集资料。In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.他发现特别在两条街道上霍乱流行的很严重，在10天之内就死去了500多人。He was determined to find out why.他决心要查明其原因。

　　First he marked on a map the exact places where all the dead people had lived.首先，他在一张地图上标明了所有死者住过的地方。This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease.这提供了一条说明霍乱起因的很有价值的线索。Many of the deaths were near the water pump

　　in Broad Street (especially numbers 16, 37, 38 and 40).许多死者是住在宽街的水泵附*（特别是这条街上16、37、38、40号）。He also noticed that some houses (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths.他发现有些住宅（如宽街上20号和21号以及剑桥街上的8号和9号）却无人死亡。He had not foreseen this, so he made further investigations.他以前没预料到这种情况，所以他决定深入调查。He discovered that these people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street.他发现，这些人都在剑桥街7号的酒馆里打工，They had been given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the pump.而酒馆为他们免费提供啤酒喝，因此他们没有喝从宽街水泵抽上来的水。It seemed that the water was to blame.看来水是罪魁祸首。 Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets.接下来，约翰·斯诺调查了这两条街的水源情况。He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.他发现，水是从河里来的，而河水被伦敦排出的`脏水污染了。He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used.他马上叫宽街上惊慌失措的老百姓拆掉水泵的把手。这样，水泵就用不成了。Soon afterwards the disease slowed down.不久，疫情就开始得到缓解。He had shown that cholera was spread by germs and not in a cloud of gas.他证明了霍乱是由病菌而不是由气体传播的。

　　In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak.在伦敦的另一个地区，他从两个与宽街暴发的霍乱有关联的死亡病例中发现了有力的证据。A woman, who had moved away from Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.有一位妇女是从宽街搬过来的，她特别喜欢那里的水，每天都要派人从水泵打水运到家里来。Both she and her daughter died of cholera after drinking the water.她和她的女儿喝了这种水，都得了霍乱而死去。With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus.有了这个特别的证据，约翰·斯诺就能够肯定地宣布，这种被污染了的水携带着病菌。

　　To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined.为了防止这种情况的再度发生，约翰·斯诺建议所有水源都要经过检测。The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more.自来水公司也接到指令，不能再让人们接触被污染的水了。Finally "King Cholera" was defeated.最终，“霍乱王”被击败了。

　　Unit 2 PUZZLES IN GEOGRAPHY 地理之谜

　　People may wonder why different words are used to describe these four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.人们也许觉得奇怪，为什么用来描述英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰和北爱尔兰这四个国家的词语不太一样。You can clarify this question if you study British history.但如果你学过英国历史，就能弄清楚这个问题。

　　First there was England. Wales was linked to it in the thirteenth century.首先是英格兰。威尔士于13世纪同英格兰联合了起来。Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well.如今只要有人提起英格兰，你就会发现威尔士总是包括在内的。Next England and Wales were joined to Scotland in the seventeenth century and the name was changed to "Great Britain".接着，英格兰、威尔士同苏格兰于17世纪联合了起来，名字就改成了“大不列颠”。Happily this was accomplished without conflict when King James of Scotland became King of England and Wales

　　as well.令人庆幸的是，当苏格兰的詹姆斯国王成为英格兰和威尔士的国王时，这三个国家和*地实现了联合。Finally the English government tried in the early twentieth century to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful way.最后，英国*打算于20世纪初把爱尔兰也同另外三个国家和*联合起来以形成联合王国。However, the southern part of Ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own government.然而，爱尔兰的南部却不愿意而分离出去了，并建立了自己的*。So only Northern Ireland joined with England, Wales and Scotland to become the United Kingdom and this was shown to the world in a new flag called the Union Jack.因此只有北爱尔兰同英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰联合起来，而组成了联合王国，这一点从新的联合王国**上就可以看得出来。

　　To their credit the four countries do work together in some areas (eg, the currency and international relations), but they still have very different institutions.值得赞扬的是，虽然这四个国家的确在一些方面共同合作，例如在货币和国际关系方面；但是它们在制度上仍然存在很大的区别。For example, Northern Ireland, England and Scotland have different educational and legal systems as well as different football teams for competitions like the World Cup!例如，北爱尔兰、英格兰和苏格兰在教育体制和立法体制上都存在着差异。在参加像世界杯之类的比赛时，它们有着各自的足球队。

　　England is the largest of the four countries, and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones.在这四个国家中，英格兰是最大的。为了方便起见，它大致可以划分为三个地区。The zone nearest France is called the South of England, the middle zone is called the Midlands and the one nearest to Scotland is known as the North.最靠*法国的那个地区叫做英格兰南部，中部地区叫做英格兰中部，最靠*苏格兰的那个地区叫做英格兰北部。You find most of the population settled in the south, but most of the industrial cities in the Midlands and the North of England.你可以看到英国的大部分人口聚居在南部，而多数大工业城市都位于中部和北部。Although, nationwide, these cities are not as large as those in China, they have world-famous football teams and some of them even have two!尽管，英国任何一个城市都不像*的城市那样大，但是他们都有着自己的享有威名的足球队，有的城市甚至还有两个队。It is a pity that the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors.很遗憾，这些建于19世纪的工业城市对游客并没有吸引力。For historical architecture you have to go to older but smaller towns built by the Romans.要找历史性建筑你得去更古老的、比较小些的由古罗马人建造的城镇。There you will find out more about British history and culture.在那儿你才可能找到更多的有

初一英语重点句型

初一英语重点句型

　　引导语：初中的学业既没有小学的时候松散，也没有高中阶段的紧张感。所以我们要重视初中这个阶段，做好量的积累达到质的飞跃。下面是YJBYS的小编为大家找到的初一英语重点句型。希望能帮到大家!

　　初一英语重点句型

　　1.I think…意为“我认为……”，是对某人或某事的看法或态度的一种句型。其否定式常用I don’t think…，如：I think he’s Mr Zhinag. (L17)I don’t think you are right.

　　2.give sth. to sb./ give sb. sth. 意为“把……给……”，动词give之后可接双宾语，可用这两种句型;若指物的宾语是人称代词时，则只能用give it/ them to sb. 如：His parents give him a nice purse./His parents give a nice purse to him. Give it to Mr Hu.(L57)

　　3.take sb./ sth. to…意为“把……(送)带到……”，后常接地点，也可接人。如：Please take the new books to theclassroom.

　　4.One…, the other…/One is…and one is…意为“一个是……;另一个是……”，必须是两者中。如：One is red and one is grey.(L50)或 One is red,, the other is grey.

　　5.Let sb. do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”，人后应用不带to的动词不定式，其否定式为Don’t let sb，do sth.，或Let sb. not do sth. 另外，Let’s 与Let us的含义不完全相同， 前者包括听者在内，后者不包括听者在内，如：Let’s go for a walk./Let us try once more, please.

　　6.help sb. (to) do sth./help sb. with sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”，前者用不定式作宾补，后者用介词短语作宾补，二者可以互换。如：Let me help you find it.(L42)/Let me help you with it.

　　7.What about…?/How about…?意为“……怎么样?”是用来询问或征求对方的'观点、意见、看法等。about为介词，其后须接名词、代词或V-ing等形式。如：What/How playing chess?

　　8.It’s time to do…/ It’s time for sth. 意为“该做……的时间了”，其中to后须接原形动词，for后可接名词或V-ing形式。如：It’s time to have supper. =It’s time for supper.

　　9.like to do sth./like doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”，如：Li Lei and his friends like to play in the tree house. (L 43)前一种句型侧重具体的一次性的动作;后一种句型侧重*惯性的动作，试比较：Tom likes swimming, but doesn’t like to swim this afternoon.

　　10.ask sb.(not) to do sth. 意为“让某人(不要)做某事”，其中ask sb.后应接动词不定式，如：Ask your friends to guess what is in it. (L44)

　　11.show sb. sth. / show sth. to do. 意为“把某物给某人看”，该句型的用法同前面第2点。如：Show your friend your family photo.(L36)/Show your family photo to your friend.

　　12.introduce sb. to sb. 意为“把某人介绍给另一人”;introduce to sb.则是“向某人作介绍”。如：Introduce your family to her. (L37)

　　13.How do you get to school?

　　14.How far is it from your home to school? It’s about three kilometers

　　15.How long does it take you to get to school? It takes me about half an hour on foot.

初中英语重点句型归纳

初中英语重点句型归纳

　　句型是根据句子的结构（句法成分的配置格局）对不同的单句进行分类，从而划分出的类型。下面是小编收集整理的初中英语重点句型归纳，供大家参考借鉴，希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友！

　　一.初中英语写作重点句型

　　1.不用说……

　　It goes without saying that…

　　=(It is)needless to say(that)….

　　=It is obvious that….

　　例：It goes without saying that it pays off to keep early hours.

　　不用说早睡早起是值得的。

　　2.在各种……之中，……

　　Among various kinds of…,…/=Of all the……

　　例︰Among various kinds of sports,I like jogging in particular.

　　在各种运动中我尤其喜欢慢跑。

　　3.就我的看法……;我认为……

　　In my opinion,…

　　=To my mind,….

　　=As far as I am concerned,…

　　=I am of the opinion that….

　　例：In my opinion,playing video games not only takes much time but isalso harmful to health.

　　在我看来，玩电脑游戏既花费时间也有害健康。

　　4.随着人口的增加……With theincrease/growth of the population,…

　　随着科技的进步……With the advance of science and technology,…

　　例：With the rapid development of Taiwan’s economy,a lot ofsocial problems have come to pass.

　　随着台湾经济的快速发展许多社会问题产生了。

　　5.……是必要的It isnecessary(for sb.)to do/that…

　　……是重要的It is important/essential(for sb.)to do/that…

　　……是适当的It is proper(for sb.)to do/that…

　　……是紧急的It is urgent(for sb.)to do/that…

　　例：It is proper for us to keep the public places clean.

　　=It is proper that we(should)keep thepublic places clean.

　　我们应当保持公共场所清洁。

　　6.花费spend…on sth./doing sth.…

　　例：We shouldn’t spend too much time on something we aren’t interestedin.

　　我们不应该在我们不感兴趣的事情上花太多的时间。

　　7.how引导的感叹句

　　例：At least it will prove how honest you are.

　　那至少可以证明你很诚实。

　　8.状语从句

　　⑴如果你不…，你就会…If you don’t...,you’ll...

　　例︰If you don’t keep working hard,you’ll lose the chance.

　　如果你不坚持努力工作，你就会失去这次机会。

　　⑵如此……，以至于……so…that…

　　例：At that moment,I was so upset that I wanted to give up.

　　当时，我非常伤心，最后都想放弃了。

　　⑶每当我听到……我就忍不住感到兴奋。Whenever I hear…,I cannot but feel excited.

　　每当我做……我就忍不住感到悲伤。Whenever I do…,I cannot but feel sad.

　　每当我想到……我就忍不住感到紧张。Whenever I think of…,I cannot but feel nervous.

　　每当我遭遇……我就忍不住感到害怕。Whenever I meet with…,I cannot but feel frightened.

　　每当我看到……我就忍不住感到惊讶。Whenever I see…,I cannot but feel surprised.

　　例：Whenever I think of the clean brook near my home,I cannot but feelsad.

　　=Every time I think of the clean brooknear my home,I cannot help feeling sad.

八年级上册英语的重点句子

八年级上册英语的重点句子

　　英语是按照分布面积而言最流行的语言，但母语者数量是世界第三，仅次于汉语、西班牙语。它是学*最广泛的第二语言，是*60个*国家的官方语言或官方语言之一。以下是小编精心整理的八年级上册英语的重点句子，欢迎阅读与收藏。

　　Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?

　　1.——Where did you go on vacation? 你到哪里去度假了?

　　——I went to New York City. 我去了纽约城。

　　2.——Did you go out with anyone? 你出去带人吗?

　　——No, No one was here. Everyone was on vacation. 不，没有人在这儿。大家度去度假了。

　　3.——Did you buy anything special? 你买了什么特别的东西吗?

　　——Yes, I bought something for my father. 对，我给父亲买了一些东西。

　　4.——How was the food? 食物怎么样?

　　——Everything tasted really good.每一样东西真的都好吃。

　　5.——Did everyone have a good time?大家玩的开心吗?

　　——Oh, yes. Everything was excellent.对，一切都很精彩。

　　6.There was nothing much to do in the evening but read.

　　晚上除了读书以外无事可做。

　　Unit 3 I’m more outgoing than my sister.

　　1.Sam has longer hair than Tom. = Sam’s hair is longer than Tom’s.

　　Sam 的头发比Tom的'长。

　　2.I’m taller now than I was 2 years ago = I was shorter 2 years ago than Iam now.

　　现在的我比两年前更高。

　　3.I study harder now than I did 2 years ago.

　　现在的我比两年前学*更努力了。

　　4.I studied harder 2 years ago than I do now.

　　两年前的我比现在学*更努力。

　　5.Who is smarter, your mother or your father?

　　谁更聪明，你的老爸还是老妈?

　　6.My mother told me a good friend is like a mirror.

　　妈妈告诉我好朋友像一面镜子。

　　7.That’s why I like reading books.

　　那就是我为什么喜欢读书。

　　8. I think friends are like books —— you don’t need a lot of them as longas they’re good.

　　我认为朋友像书，只要是好的就不必需要太多。

　　9.I’m shy so it’s not easy for me to make friends.

　　我很害羞，所以交朋友对于我来说不容易。

　　10.It’s not necessary to be the same.

　　没有必要一样。

　　11.I don’t really care if my friends are the same as me or different.

　　我不太关心朋友是否与我一样。

　　12. A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.

　　真朋友在你需要是帮助你，打动你。

　　13.In fact, she’s funnier than anyone.

　　事实上，她比任何人都更幽默。

　　14.In what ways are you different?

　　你们在哪些方面不同?

　　15.Is he different from you in any way?

　　在某方面他与你不同吗?

　　16.She’s always there to listen.

　　她总是准备着倾听。

　　17.Huang Lei isn’t as good at tennis as Larry.

　　Huang Lei打网球不如Larry。

　　Unit 2 How often do you exercise?